extended its range down into the gardens in Honolulu, but was 

 still far from numerous. By 1900, however, it had spread all 

 over Oahu and also reached parts of the other islands, and in 

 many places was in incredible numbers. That is to say, a hardy 

 and prolific insect introduced probably some years jn-eviously 

 to 1892 took at least five years to spread over a limited area, 

 and to become at all noticeable, but having reached this point, 

 in the next three years it increased to such excessive numbers, 

 that it attracted the attention of many who pay little attention 

 to such matters, owing to the fact of its frequently swarming 

 round the lights in houses. 1 have digressed to this extent to 

 show how^ impossible it is to secure immediate results with every 

 kind of imported beneficial insect, and also how important it is 

 in choosing one's species to consider which can most (luicklx- 

 ])roduce visible results. 



From Australia and iMJi the following egg-parasites were 

 imported: Aiiagnis (two species, or two races of one si)ecies), 

 Paranagnis optabilis and P. perforator (the latter ])Ossibly includ- 

 ing two species or races), Ootetrastichiis beafiis. The two lady- 

 birds (constant inhabitants of cane-fields in Australia) rcraiiia 

 sfrigitla and J', freiiata were raised in large numbers and w^idely 

 distributed over the islands ; so too was CaU'uieda festudinarici, a 

 ready devourer of leaf-hopper in captivity, but which, T fear, 

 will forsake the cane-fields for forest trees. Psciidogoiiatopiis 

 diehromus though not yet established, no doubt could be, since 

 it was bred on the cane leaf-hopper in captivity. Enemies of 

 leaf-!iopper that might have been established with good results 

 but which failed (not, I think, because they could not under 

 anv circuPiistances be established, but merely from mischance) 

 were the parasitic moth Aga)iiopsyche, a specific enemy of the 

 cane leaf-hopper, the predaceous Syrphid fly Baeeha, and some 

 "ther predaceous insects, which may after all prove to be estab- 

 lished, the time since their liberation in my opinion being too 

 short to allow of any certainty on this point. 



Although the prime object of the six months mission to Aus- 

 tralia, tmdertaken by Koebele and myself, was the sttidy of leaf- 

 hoppers and their natural enemies, yet it must be remembered 

 that while we were together a great deal of our time was given 

 to various entomological studies, both to other insects injurious 

 to cane and their natural enemie.s and also to insects injtn-ious 

 to other vegetation. After my return to Honolulu, Mr. Koe- 

 bele, I believe, turned his attention still more to pests other than 

 leaf-hopper. Throughout the period of our Australian mission 



