78 



always the case with the dryinized leaf-hoppers considered in 

 Pt. I of this Bulletin. 



It is, however, the first stage or instar of the caterpillar that is 

 most interesting, not only on account of its utter dissimilarity in 

 appearance, when compared with the later stages, but because it 

 considerably resembles in general appearance that first larval 

 stage of some parasitic insects of other Orders, which more or 

 less resembles the primitive form of insects included in rhe 

 Aptera. 



The newly hatched larva is very minute, in shape subcampodei- 

 form, very long and slender, and tapering to the caudal extrem- 

 ity. The head and thoracic segments together form about half 

 the whole length of the larva, and are much more bulky thaa 

 the rest. The head is large and remarkable for the great, ovate., 

 black-pigmented eye on either side, and for the character of the 

 labium, which in lateral view is often seen forming a large down- 

 ward continuation of the head, of more or less triangular shape, 

 its pointed lower extremity being armed with a long sharp spiuvi 

 or spinneret. It is not, however, always thus extruded, but ca-i 

 be withdrawn beneath the head so as not to be seen in lateral 

 aspect. On either side of this, on the under surface of the head, 

 and projecting nearly straight downwards, is a longish palp-like 

 organ with slightly dilated base, which probably carries a sense 

 organ. Its position would suggest that it is palpal rather than 

 antennal. The segmentation is very distinct, the thoracic leg.; 

 are large and in reality very elongate for a caterpillar, if they are 

 expanded; but in dead specimens the joints are usually folded up 

 on one another. There are two longish joints followed by an 

 nidistinct small piece resembling an empodium, over which is a 

 long curved spinose bristle. The second to the seventh abdo- 

 minal segments inclusive bear very long ambulatory bristles, set 

 on projections or pseudopodia; the penultimate and apical seg- 

 ments have shorter ones, and the apex of the abdomen two ex- 

 cessively long and fine downward curved hairs. 



The cocoons of the Epipyropidae are white, and have a mealy 

 appearance in most cases, as have the larvae. They exhibit 

 much variety of form, being usually more or less ornamented 

 with carinae or outstanding lamellae, and though there may be 

 ij'dividual variation, yet in man^^ cases those of different species 

 are quite distinct. Those of the genus Heteropsyche are more 

 o\ namental than those of Agamopsyclie and Palaeopsvche, as 

 far as the species we collected are concerned. One extremely 

 beautiful cocoon collected by Koebele is rosette-like, being 



