98 



It is perhaps worth-^- of notice that the male puparia of the 

 species of Halictophagns parasitic on Jassids, pierce the (lorsimi 

 or even the venter of the abdomen of these leaf-hoppers, but 

 the head of the female is always, or nearh- always, thrust 

 through the pleura. On the contrary in Elci'ichns and Dciiw- 

 Icnchus, parasitic on Fulg'orids, the male puparium (as well as 

 the head of the female parasite) is exserted from the pleural 

 region only. 



In the case of the HalicfopJiai^i)iac we found only mature 

 leaf-hoppers to contain mature female parasites and puparia; 

 but in the case of FJcnchus tcnuicornis the nymph or adult 

 Delphacids will alike '^roduce mature parasites of either sex. 



CLASSIFICATION. 



The differences between the various forms here considered 

 are so great, that if the Stvlopidae are considered as a family of 

 Coleoptera, they must represent three sub-families; or if these 

 parasites 'be treated as a separate Order, Strepsiptera. thev 

 might even form three families. The marked differences in the 

 head, legs, and thoracic sclerites being probablv sufficient to 

 warrant the higher division. Thev may be distinguished as 

 follows: 



1. Tarsi 4-iointed Stylopinae. 



2. Tarsi ■^-iointed Halictophaieinae 



3. Tarsi 2-jointed Elenchinae 



As personally I consider the Stylopidae to be a Coleopterous 

 family, the divisions here are treated as sub-families. 



The first of these divisions is capable of further subdivision, 

 of a character in mv opinion more than merely generic, but it is 

 not necessary to enter into these minor distinctions here. The 

 family will, naturally, be placed next to the Mordellidae (incl. 

 Phipiphoridae). 



The measurements and descriptions of the female Stylopidae 

 are made from the head, as it apnears when the animal is im- 

 bedded in Its host; for the variation in the length of the exserted 

 portion in different individuals is very small. 



Female Elenchinae are (so far as the species collecterl by \\<> 

 are concerned) easily distinguished from Halictophaginae by 

 the absence of the median apical plate and other apical struct- 

 ures, and the presence of discal areas in front of the brood- 

 chamber opening. 



