245 



sia. As t'he same care was not taken in isolating the 

 parasitized ladybirds, as was given to all our other in- 

 sects, the true relationship of these parasites and some 

 others must remain dou'btful. It is noteworthy that Eiiryischia 

 was originally bred from Lcstophoiius, the dipterous parasite 

 of Icerya, and Ophelosia as a direct parasite of that scale, 

 while ours were supposedly bred from Orcus and Vcrania 

 parasitized by other Chaicids. 'It would seem probably there- 

 fore that in reality some scale-insects (though hardly possi- 

 bly the conspicuous Icerya) were accidentally included with 

 the ladybirds mentioned, and some of these may have 

 been further infested with parasitic Diptera. The original 

 assignment of Ophelosia and Eiiryischia was no doubt made after 

 careful study, whereas no special precautions were taken with 

 my parasitized Orcus and Vcrania, as I have said. 



It may be remarked that here 'are only mentioned such para- 

 sites as were connected with those ladybirds we wished to in- 

 troduce into the islands, to prey on leaf-hopper. Other lady- 

 birds were noticed to be excessively parasitized by quite other 

 parasites but these are without the scope of this Bulletin. 



As parasites of some of the other predaceous insects, we must 

 notice the egg-parasite of the long-horned cricket {Xiphidiiim 

 varipcnne). I have separated this generically from the well- 

 'known genus Aphcltmis on account of the antennal disparity in 

 the sexes, the position of the ocelli, and some other differences. 

 It is interesting to note that Aphelinus lociistaniin of Giraud 

 was bred from eggs of Xiphidium fuscmii in Europe, but whether 

 it is generically the same as ours I do not know, as I have not 

 the original description. Excepting these two cases, all or 

 nearly all the Aphelininae, of which the habits are certainly 

 known, are parasitic on scale insects (Coccidae) plant-lice 

 (Aphididae) or Aleurodidae. 



The lace-wing flies (Chrysopinae) are, as is well-known, sub- 

 ject to the attacks of various parasites. We m'ay here refer to 

 two Ichneumons, a Cryptid bred from the cocoons of a remark- 

 able Australian lace-wing, which apparently feeds only on the 

 nymphs of Siphanta and its allies; and another ichneumon of 

 the same grOup, tliat attacks the Hawaiian Chrysopa rnicrophya. 

 In addition to these the stalkless eggs of the endemic Hawaiian 

 genus Anomalochrysa are destroyed by a minute Trichogrammid, 

 allied to Pentarthron. 



