3o6 



the 'relii^-oniidae. The family seems (hscerptible somewhat on 

 the following- lines: 

 flassinae Eupteryg:inae ) Stenocotinae 



J Penthimiinae ( Ledrinae 



I Fetig-oniinae 

 V-Agalliinae 



j Ka'havaluinae rioi)inae (? .Menibracidaej 



f ? Meg-ophthalniinae 



The Pent'himiinae, Tetigoniinae, Agalliinae and Enpteryginae 

 being" all derived from lassinae by varioi;s routes; Stenocotinae 

 from the same via perhaps Tartcssiis or allied form; Lednnac 

 possibly from Doryccphalus or allied forms.* 



Although convenient 'for grouping the North American forms, 

 Van Duzee's results do not seem to me to be natural. 



The most primitive known form would seem to be some all)" 

 of Phrymmwrphus; frooi this there are many evident offshoots. 

 For example through Thanuwtcttix we arrive at Mctriosteles and 

 its allies without any break, so that Van Duzee's "Cicaduliiii" 

 are difificult to define sharply for a world fauna. The Euptery- 

 gine series would seem to be a logical continuation, the tegmina 

 and wings being greatly and increasingly degraded; in all 

 known forms but one. the radial, median, and citbital veins 

 reach the apical cells without forking en route, and the vena- 

 tion is usually so degraded that it is difBcult or impossible to 

 trace the basal half of these veins at all. The discovery of 

 Ancono, undoubtedly an Eupterygine, s'hows the more primitive 

 forking of the medioradial (which unite again towards the apex) 

 and displays the untenabilitv of deriving the Eupteryginae from 

 the Macrostelines. 



The separation of the "Dorydini"" is not I think scientific; 

 elongation of the head springs up independently manywhere; 

 for example Phrynophycs and Giffardia from Phrynouwrphns; 

 Hccahis and its allies from Thomsoiiia or allies; CephalcUts from 

 near Doryccphalus which arises elsewhere. 



The value of the transverse vein near the 'base oi the tegmen 

 between the radial and median veins was hotly criticized bv Os- 

 born and Ball, who denied it even specific value, but I have 

 seen no public retraction by Van Duzee. The following groups 

 seem more or less well circumscribed: 



(i) lassinae, corresponding to the Jassina of Ya.n Duzee, a 



* It is possible, ps])eoiallv after 

 Hii (iffslioot fn.iii the Ledrinae. 



