309 



In the discussion on Usborn's paper, Ashmead briefly pre- 

 sented his views; he is certainly more correct in his order of 

 Cicadidae, Jassidae, Membracidae, Fulgoridae (he omits Cerco- 

 pidae), but he derives these from the Sternorhynchi, beheving 

 that the Coccidae are the lowest, root-stock ! 



(4) Suiniiiary. 



{!) The Fulgoroidea are enormously the most specialized, 

 highly organized and differentiated, of the Auchenorhyndii, the 

 Cixunae possibly being the most primitive types, though in 

 some respects the Derbidae are: 



(2) The most primitive existing forms of Siphonata seem to 

 be the Cicadoidea, 'but 



yj The Tetigonioidea seem to have arisen separately. 



(4) Of the Tetigonioidea the Phryiioiiiorpliiis forms seem Mo 

 ])e the most generalized; Agalliinae are specialized a little in 

 the extreme declivity of the vertex and frons, and ventral posi- 

 tion of the ocelli; they also tend to spinoseness of the tibiae, 

 culminating in the Cercopifonn Eurynielini. 



(5) The Membracidae are hig'hly specialized in the prono- 

 tum, but are otherwise very low. 



(6) The Cercopidae are perhaps as a whole the culmination 

 of the Tetigoniioidea. 



