152 THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER. 



line. The second dorsal spine is feeble, somewhat produced, obscurely denticulated in 

 front. The second dorsal fin commences immediately behind the first. Pectoral much 

 prolonged, as long as the head. The outer ventral ray produced into an exceedingly 

 long stiff filament. The distance between vent and isthmus rather less than the length 

 of the head. Brownish-black. 



Habitat. — South of Yedo, Japan, Station 235; depth, 565 fathoms. One specimen, 

 28 inches long. 



This species in the structure of its head and in its physiognomy approaches to the 

 ordinary Gadoid type. 



Trachyrhynchns. 



Tracliyrhynchiis, Giorna. 



Snout produced into a long depressed process, sharply pointed in front, and with a 

 rather sharp lateral edge, which is continued in a straight line across the infraorbital 

 region. Mouth horse-shoe-shaped, situated at the lower side of the head. Teeth in both 

 jaws in villiform bands. A barbel. A scaleless fossa on each side of the nape. The 

 second dorsal fin well developed from its beginning. Scales of moderate size, more or less 

 \, spinigerous; a series of larger scales, each ax'med with a projecting ridge along each side 

 of the base of the anterior portions of the dorsal and anal fins. Of the gill-covers 

 the operculum is particularly small. GUI membranes scarcely united in front. Four 

 gills with well-developed gill-lamina?. The first branchial arch is free and pro-s^ided with 

 short styliform gill-rakers. 



Trachyrhynchus trachyrhynchns (PL XLI. fig. C). 



Lepidoleprus trachyrhynchus, Eisso, Ichth. Nice, p. 197, pi. vii. fig. 2L 

 ; ,, ,, Canestr., Arch, per la Zool., 1864, p. 371, pi. xii. fig. 2. 



I „ . „ Vinoiguerra, Ann. Mus. Genov., vol. xiv. p. 617; vol. xviii. 



p. 564. 



D. 10-11. P. 20-21. V. 7. 



,■' Snout not quite twice as long as the eye, the horizontal diameter of which is much 



i' greater than the vertical, about one-fourth of the length of the head, and equal to the width 



! of the interorbital space above the centre of the orbit. Scales very rough, each with three 



\ or four acute and prominent spines ; four series between the first dorsal fin and the lateral 



line; the crests of many of the enlarged dorsal scales are coarsely denticulated. The 



entire abdomen covered with scales. Distance of vent from the isthmus equal to that of 



the hind margin of the eye from the extremity of the snout. Barbel very small, ^'entrals 



small, inserted in front of the pectoral fin, wdth the outer ray produced into a short filament. 



Anterior branchial arch with twenty -two very short, styliform gill-rakers. 



