12 TABLE OF CONTENTS. 



PAGE 



Chapter XXXII. — The Vasomotor Nerves and Their Physiological 



Activity 593^ 



Historical, 593. — Methods Used to Determine Vasomotor Action, 594. — The 

 Plethysmograph, 595. — General Distribution and Course of the Vasoconstrictor 

 Nerve Fibers, 597. — Tonic Activity of the Vasoconstrictors, 600. — The Vaso- 

 constrictor Center, 600. — Vasoconstrictor Reflexes, Pressor and Depressor Fibers, 

 602. — Depressor Nerve of the Heart, 605. — Vasoconstrictor Centers in the Spinal 

 Cord, 606. — Rhythmical Activity of the Vasoconstrictor Center, 606.^:;ourse 

 and Distribution of the Dilator Fibers, 607. — General Properties of Vasodilator 

 Fibers, 608. — Vasodilator Center and Reflexes, 609. — Vasodilatation Due to 

 Afferent Fibers, 610. — Regulation of the Blood-supply by Chemical and Mechan- 

 ical Stimuli, 611. — Regulation of the Blood-supply by Changes in the Veins and 

 Capillaries, 612. 



Chapter XXXIII. — The Vasomotor Supply op the Different 



Organs 614 



Vasomotors of the Heart, 614.— Vasomotors of the Pulmonary Arteries, 615. — 

 Circulation in the Brain and its Regulation, 616. — Arterial Supply, 616. — Venous 

 Supply, 617.— The Meningeal Spaces, 618. — Intracranial Pressure, 620.— Effect 

 of Changes in Arterial Pressure upon the Blood Flow Through the Brain, 622. — 

 The Regulation of the Brain Circulation, 624. — Vasomotor Nerves of the Head 

 Region, 626.— Of the Trunk and the Limbs, 627.— Of the Abdominal Organs, 

 628. — Of the Genital Organs, 628. — Of the Skeletal Muscles, 629. — The Vaso- 

 motor Nerves to the Veins and Capillaries, 630. — The Circulation of the Lvmph, 

 630. 



SECTION VI. 



PHYSIOLOGY OF RESPIRATION. 



Chapter XXXIV. — Historical Statement. The Organs of Exter- 

 nal Respiration and the Respiratory Movements 632 



Historical, 632. — Anatomy of Organs of Respiration, 636. — Thorax as a Closed 

 Cavity, 637. — Normal Position of the Thorax, 638. — Inspiration by Contraction 

 of the Diaphragm, 639. — Inspiration by Elevation of the Ribs, 640. — The Muscles 

 of Inspiration, 641. — Muscles of Expiration, 641. — Quiet and Forced Respiratory 

 Movements, Eupnea and Dyspnea, 642. — Costal and Abdominal Types of Res- 

 piration, 653. — Accessory Respiratory Movements, 644. — Registration of the 

 Respiratory Movements, 644. — Volumes of Air Respired, Vital Capacity, Tidal 

 Air, Complemental Air, Supplemental Air, Residua! Air, Minimal Air, 646. — 

 Size of the Bronchial Tree, 647.— -Artificial Respiration, 648. 



Chapter XXXV. — The Pressure Conditions in the Lungs and 



Thorax and Their Influence Upon the Circulation 651 



The Intrapiilmonic Pressure and Its Variations, 651. — Intrathoracic Pressure, 

 652. — Variations of, with Forced and Unusual Respirations, 653. — Origin of 

 the Negative Pressure in the Thorax, 654. — Pneumothorax, 655. — Aspiratory 

 Action of the Thorax, 655. — Respiratory Waves of Blood-pressure, 656. 



Chapter XXXVI. — The Chemical and Physical Changes in the Air 



and the Blood Caused by Respiration 660 



The Inspired and Expired Air, 660. — Physical Changes in the Expired Air, 661. 

 — Injurious Action of Expired Air, 661. — Ventilation, 662. — The Gases of the 

 Blood, 664. — The Pressure of Gases, 668. — Absorption of Gases in Liquids, 

 668. — The Tension of Gases in Solution, 670. — The Condition of Nitrogen in 

 the Blood, 672.— Condition of Oxygen in the Blood, 672. — Condition of Carbon Di- 

 oxid in the Blood, 675. — The Physical Theory of Respiration, 677. — Gaseous 

 Exchanges in the Lungs, 677. — Exchange of Gases in the Tissues, 680. — Secre- 

 tory Activity of Lungs, 681. 



Chapter XXXVII. — Innervation of the Respiratory Movements. 682 



The Respiratory Center, 682. — Automatic Activity of the Respiratory Center, 

 683. — Reflex Stimulation of the Center, 684. — Afferent Relations of the Vagus to 

 the Center, 686. — The Inspiratory and Inhibitory Fibers of the Vagus, 688. — 

 Respiratory Reflexes from the Larynx, Pharynx, and Nose, 690. — Voluntary 

 Control of the Respiratory Movements, 690. — Nature of the Respiratory Center, 

 691.— Automatic Stimulus to the Respiratory Center, 692. — Cause of the First 

 Respiratory Movements, 695. — Dyspnea, Hj-perpnea, and Apnea, 696. — In- 

 nervation of the Bronchial Musculature, 699. 



Chapter XXXVIII. — The Influence of Various Conditions Upon 



the Respiration 700' 



Effect of Muscular Work on the Respiratory Movements, 700. — Effect of Varia- 

 tions in the Composition of the Air, 701. — High and Low Barometric Pressures, 

 Mountain Sickness, Caisson Disease, 704. — The Respiratory Quotient and its 

 Variations, 705. — Modified Respiratory Movements, 707. 



