S TABLE OF CONTENTS. 



PAGE 



Chapter V. — The Nature of the Nerve Impulse and the Nutri- 

 tive Relations of Nerve Fiber and Nerve Cell 110 



Historical, 110. — Velocity of the Nerve Impulse, 111. — Relation of the Nerve 

 Impulse to the W^ave of Negativity, 113. — Direction of Conduction in the Nerve, 

 114. — Effect of Various Influences on the Nerve Impulse, 115. — The Refractory 

 Period, 116. — The Fatigue of Nerve Fibers, 117. — The Metabolism of the Nerve 

 Fiber During Functional Activity, 119. — Theories of the Nerve Impulse, 120. — 

 QuaUtative Differences in Nerve Impulses, 122. — Doctrine of Specific Nerve Ener- 

 gies, 122. — Nutritive Relations of Nerve Fibers and Nerve Cells, 123. — Nerve 

 Degeneration and Regeneration, 124. — Degenerative Changes in the Central 

 End of the Neuron, 127. 



SECTION II. 



THE PHYSIOLOGY OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. 



Chapter VI. — Structure and General Properties of the Nerve 



Cell 129 



The Neuron Doctrine, 129. — The Varieties of Neurons, 131. — Internal Structure 

 of the Nerve Cell, 134. — General Physiology of the Nerve Cell, 134. — Sum- 

 mation of Stimuli in Nerve Cell, 137. — The Refractory Period of the Nerve Cell, 

 137. 



Chapter VII. — Reflex Actions 139 



Definition and Historical, 139.— The Reflex Arc, 139.— The Reflex Frog, 141.— 

 Spinal Reflex Movements, 141. — Theory of Co-ordinated Reflexes, 143. — Spinal 

 Reflexes in Mammals, 144. — Dependence of Co-ordinated Reflexes upon the 

 Excitation of the Sensory Endings, 144. — Reflex Time, 145. — Inhibition of Re- 

 flexes, 146. — Influence of the Condition of the Cord on Its Reflex Activities, 148. — 

 Reflexes from Other Parts of the Nervous System, 148. — Reflexes Through Periph- 

 eral Ganglia, Axon Reflexes, 149. — The Tonic Activity of the Spinal Cord, 151. — 

 Effects of the Removal of the Spinal Cord, 152. — Knee-jerk, 153. — Reinforcement 

 of the Knee-jerk, 154. — Is the Knee-jerk a Reflex Act? 155. — Conditions Influencing 

 the Extent of the Knee-jerk, 157. — The Knee-jerk and Spinal Reflexes as Diagnos- 

 tic Signs, 158.— Other Spinal Reflexes, 158. 



Chapter VIII. — The Spinal Cord as a Path of Conduction ..... 160 



Arrangement and Classification of the Nerve Cells in the Cord, 160. — General 

 Relations of the Gray and White Matter in the Cord, 162. — The Methods of 

 Determining the Tracts of the Cord, 162. — General Classification of the Tracts 

 of the Cord, 163. — The Names and Locations of the Long Tracts, 165. — The 

 Termination in the Cord of the Fibers of the Posterior Root, 166. — Ascend- 

 ing or Afferent Paths in the Posterior Funiculi, 167. — Ascending or Afferent 

 Paths in the Lateral Funiculi, 170. — The Spinal Paths for the Cutaneous Senses 

 (Touch, Pain, Temperature), 173. — The Homolateral or Contralateral Conduc- 

 tion of the Cutaneous Impulses, 175. — The Descending or Efferent Paths in the 

 Anterolateral Funiculi (Pyramidal System), 177. — Less Well-known Tracts in the 

 Cord, 179. 



Chapter IX. — The General Physiology of the Cerebrum and Its 



Motor Functions 181 



The Histology of the Cortex, 182. — The Classification of the Systems of Fibers 

 in the Cerebrum (Projection, Association, and Commissural), 183. — Physio- 

 logical Deductions from the Histology of the Cortex, 185. — The Phenomenon of 

 Conditioned Reflexes, 188. — Extirpation of the Cerebrum, 189. — Localization of 

 Functions in the Cerebrum, Historical, 191. — The Motor Areas of the Cortex, 194. 

 — Differences in Paralysis from Injury to the Spinal Neuron and the Pyramidal 

 Neuron, 197.— Voluntary Motor Paths Other than the Pyramidal Tract, 197. — 

 The Crossed Control of the Muscles and Bilateral Motor Representation in the 

 Cortex, 198. — Are the Motor Areas Exclusively Motor? 199. 



Chapter X. — The Sense Areas and the Association Areas in the 



Cortex 201 



The Body-sense Area, 202. — The Course of the Lemniscus, 204. — The Center for 

 Vision, 206. — Histological Evidence of the Course of the Optic Fibers, 206. — 

 The Decussation in the Chiasm, 208. — The Projection of the Retina on the Oc- 

 cipital Cortex, 208.— The Function of the Lower Visual Centers, 209.— The 

 Auditory Center, 210. — Course of the Cochlear Nerve, 212. — The Physiological 

 Significance of the Lower Auditory Centers, 213. — The Olfactory Center, 213. — 

 The Olfactory Bulb and its Connections, 214. — The Cortical Center for Smell, 

 215.— The Cortical Center for Taste, 216.— Aphasia, 216.— Sensory Aphasia, 

 218. — The Association Areas, 220. — Subdivision of the Association Areas, 222.— 

 The Development of the Cortical Areas, 223. — Histological Differentiation in 

 Cortical Structure, 224. — Physiology of the Corpus Callosum, 227.— Physiology 

 of the Corpora Striata and Thalami, 228. 



