CHAPTER XXIII. 



CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE BLOOD-PLASMA; Ca 

 AGULATION; QUANTITY OF BLOOD; REGENERA- 

 TION AFTER HEMORRHAGE. 



Composition of the Plasma and Corpuscles. — Blood (plasma 

 and corpuscles) contains a great variety of substances, as might be 

 inferred from its double relations to the tissues as a source of 

 nutrition and as a means of removing the waste products of their 

 functional activity. The constituents that may be present in 

 normal blood-plasma are in part definitely known and in part 

 entirely unknown from a chemical standpoint. Some idea of the 

 complexity of the composition may be obtained from the following 

 table: 



COMPOSITION OF THE BLOOD-PLASMA. 



Water: 



( Oxygen. 



Nitrogenous extractives 



Non-nitrogenous extractives 



Gases i Carbon dioxid. 



[ Nitrogen. 



(Fibrinogen. 

 Paraglobulin. 

 Serum-albumin. 

 Urea. 

 Uric acid. 

 Creatin. 

 ■ Great inin. 

 Ammonia salts. 

 Amino-acids. 

 Phosphatids. 

 f Sugar. 

 I Fats. 



I Cholesterin. 

 [ Lactates. 



r Chlorids 1 



I Carbonates I 



I Sulphates f 



[ Phosphates J 



Lipase. 

 Glycolase 

 Epinephrin. 

 Prothrombin. 

 Antithrombin. 

 Immune bodies. 

 Complement. 

 [ Opsonins, etc. 



A number of detailed chemical analyses of the blood of different 

 animals, so far as its constituents can be determined by analytical 



444 



Inorganic Salts 



( Sodium. 

 I Potassiimi. 

 of -j Calcium. 

 ( Magnesium. 

 [ Iron. 



Enzymes and special substances . 



