CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF BLOOD-PLASMA. 445 



methods, have been reported at different times. The following 

 table, taken from Abderhalden,* and showing the composition (rf 

 dogs' blood, may serve as an example: 



1000 Parts, by 1000 Pabts, by 1000 Parts, by 



Weight, of Blood Weight, of Se- Weight, of Corpus- 

 Contain ■ RUM Contain cles Contain 



Water 810.05 923.98 644.26 



Solids 189.95 76.02 355.75 



Hemoglobin 133.4 327.52 



Protein 39.68 60.14 9.9l8 



Sugar 1.09 1.82 



Cholesterin 1.298 0.709 2.155 



Lecithin 2.052 1.699 2.568 



Fat 0.631 1.051 



Fatty acids 0.759 1.221 0.088 



Phosphoric acid: 



as nuclein 0.054 0.016 0.110 



NaaO 3.075 4.263 2.821 



K2O 0.251 0.226 0.289 



FeaOa 0.641 1.573 



CaO 0.062 0.113 



MgO 0.052 0.040 0.071 



CI.... 2.935 4.023 1.352 



PA 0.809 0.242 1.635 



Inorganic : 



PA 0.576 0.080 1.29S 



The same constituents in much the same proportions are found 

 in the blood of all the mammalia examined. The amount of protein 

 in the serum is greater in some cases than in others, — in the dog, 

 for instance, according to Abderhalden's analyses, the protein 

 amounts to only 6 per cent., while in the horse it may be 7 or 8 per 

 cent. So also there are small variations in the amount of choles- 

 terin, sugar, and other constituents, but, on the whole, the composi- 

 tion of the liquid part of the blood, blood-serum or blood-plasma, 

 is rem.arkably uniform so far as chemical analyses go. We know, 

 however, that the physiological properties of mammalian serum may 

 be very different indeed; that the serum of a dog, for instance, will 

 kill a rabbit when injected into its vessels. Such physiological dif- 

 ferences as this, however, depend upon constituents which can not 

 be determined at present by chemical means. The chemical com- 

 position of the blood-serum differs from that of the red corpuscles in 

 a number of respects in addition to the presence of hemoglobin in 

 the latter. The corpuscles contain no sugar nor fat, a larger amount 

 of cholesterin, lecithin, phosphoric acid, and potassium, and less 

 sodium and chlorin. The red corpuscles of different mammalia 

 show a remarkable variation in the amount of potassium salts 

 contained. Thus, according to Brandenburg, 1000 parts by weight 

 of the red corpuscles contain the following amounts of KoO in 

 different mammalia: Cat, 0.258: dog, 0.257; man, 4.294; horse, 

 4.957; rabbit, 5.229. In analyses of blood under normal and 

 * "Zeitschrift f. physiologische Chemie," 25, 88, 1898. 



