199 
Brirps AND VEGETATION AREAS 
_ The several vegetation areas of our survey, may be arranged for 
convenient ete ike in the order of the numbers of birds to the 
VEGETATION AREAS AND BIRDS PER SQUARE 
MILE IN EACH, THE WHOLE STATE,* 
SUMMERS oF 1907 AND 1909 
Vegetation Acres | Birds 
Orchards 117.69 | 3943 
Yards and gardens 557.39 | 3418 
Swamps 83.66 | 1974 
Woodlands 111.96 | 1846 
> Pastures 5196.06 | 1068 
Shrubbery 93.31 | 1056 
Meadows 2763.02 910 
Wheat, rye, and barley 822.36 827 
Waste and fallow 654.17 787 
Plowed ground 300.16 670 
Stubble 1069.46 669 
Corn 6433.63 593 
Oats 2485.57 514 
Miscellaneous 29.16 329 
* The general state average of all birds, both 
BOPRBGEE, taken together, was 852 to the square 
mile. 
Half of these 14 classes of area carry a bird population exceeding 
tures and meadows stand highest, with corn and oats falling much 
below the average. Generally speaking, the smaller areas attract the 
a of a single kind of vegetation area are scattered where the area 
is large, and concentrated where it is small. Of these smaller areas, 
ee and life of man. aaa and open woodlands are 
10st the only approximately wild places on our list, and these contain 
“The Orchard Birds of an Illinois Summer”, by Stephen A. Forbes and Alfred 
Gross. Bul. Ill. State Nat. Hist. Survey, Vol. XIV, p. 1-8. 
