PRINCIPAL PASTURE BIRDS PER SQUARE MILE, 
SumMMERS oF 1907 anp 1909 
: Species Southern} Central | Northern| 1907 | 1909 | ${a¢*, 
years 
_ Meadowlark 240 168 WSs © fe” | ibs 
- Bronzed grackle 46 101 72 49 88 72 
— Cowbird 16 162 22 11 85 55 
_ Robin 27 72 53 35 60 50 
_ Prairie horned lark 21 27 m2, 47 48 48 
- Flicker 19 53 63 29 59 47 
_ Mourning dove 50 76 14 31 47 41 
_ Red-winged blackbird 34 ae i! 35 23 39 33 
Field sparrow 57 : 27 8 41 19 28 
_ Red-headed wood- 
: pecker 18 36 27 22 29 26 
Bobolink : 2 1 53 8 35 24 
English sparrow 102 244 191 176 178 177 
Goldfinch 8 9 37 17 24 21 
_ Barn swallow 2 45 25 17 27 23 
Brown thrasher 23 26 15 14 24 20 
Kingbird 21 21 17 20 19 19 
Crow 8 19 27 14 19 19 
_ Bluebird 17 ia} 25 14 23 19 
Quail 28 11 8 14° 15 15 
Killdeer 6 8 19 15 10 12 
Dickcissel ~ 18 21 4 13 12 12 
Blue jay 15 9 10 11 11 11 
_ Grasshopper sparrow 9 12 10 9 10 9 
IRM Sa Maes te lee eek te ey oh 
- Totals | 787 | 1186 | 886 | 773 1038 932 
Per cents. of all birds | 84 | 93 | 86 | 88 eae 7H 87 
of cutworms, grasshoppers, May-beetles, and other ordinary insect pests 
of the pasture. 
THE MEApow Birps 
In Illinois meadows the meadowlark justified its name by an abundance 
virtually double that of any of the other “most abundant” birds—194 
to the square mile as compared with 100 for the dickcissel and 94 for the 
_ English sparrow. In northern Illinois it was surpassed by the bobo- 
(201 to the square mile and 102 for the meadowlark), but the 
absence of the bobolink from the more southern sections reduced its 
meadow average for the state to 96. 
Fourteen species made up 82 per cent. of all the birds identified 
in meadows, and more than half the whole number of birds belonged 
