66 | 
G. Kelly; Hagerstown, Wolfsville and Reids, Md., by J. A. Hyslop, H. 
L. Parker, and W. E. Pennington; Berwyn and College Park, Md., by 
R. J. Kewley; Hadley, Mass., and Greenwood, Miss., by H. E. Smith; 
Central City, Neb., by J. W. Vieregg; Pukwana, S. Dak., by C. N. Ains- 
lie; Wakeman, O., by W. B. Hall; Buda, Tex., by W. E. Davis; Tappa- 
hannock, Va., by H. Fox; and Mt. Vernon, Oakwood, and Sheldon, IIL, 
Buck Creek, Frankfort, Huntingburg, Lafayette, Mt. Vernon, Switz 
City, and Washington, Ind., and Louisville, Ky., collected by members 
of the Lafayette Station staff. 
The egg of T. punctata is invariably transversely placed on the 
dorsum of the thorax or first two abdominal segments (Fig. 2, a), most 
often on the third, or between the second and third, thoracic segments, 
usually just to one side of the median line in a fold of the skin, or, 
infrequently, on the median line. When laid to one side of the median 
line, the polar region, that is the anterior end of the egg, is invariably 
nearest the median line. The uniformity with which the female deposits 
its eggs is well illustrated by our experiments in 1915, in which eight 
wasps of this species laid a total of 205 eggs (Table I), and in 1916, 
in which seventeen wasps, caged with white-grubs simply to determine 
the position of the eggs, laid eggs on the dorsum of the thorax or first 
abdominal segments invariably, and these 25 females as well as all of 
the progeny in the above-mentioned 1915 experiments (a total of 52 
males) were determined by Mr. A. B. Gahan as T. punctata. Of the 69 
records kept of sex of adults issuing from cocoons collected in the 
field, 25 were males and 44 were females. In our cage experiments the 
largest number of eggs laid by a single female of this species was 42, 
with an average of 26 for the eight individuals observed, averaging 
a little more than one egg per day; but this is apparently below 
normal, and an examination of the ovary tubes of female wasps collected 
in the field indicates an egg capacity of 50 to 75. As will be noticed 
in Table I, the egg stage varies considerably in length, averaging about 
12714 hours, or slightly more than five days. The methods used by the 
Tiphia in paralyzing the grub and subsequently ovipositing on it, as well 
as other details of the life history common to the other species here dis- 
cussed, have been described in a preceding paragraph. The length of 
the larval stage, that is till a start is made on the cocoon, varies from 
9 to 21 days and averages 14.4 days (Table I). This species almost 
invariably winters as a larva within the cocoon and has one annual 
generation. In our numerous experiments we have record of but one 
exception: an adult Tiphia punctata issuing July 17, 1916, from a cocoon 
collected at Tappahannock, Va., laid unfertilized eggs on grubs July 
19-23, the larvae hatching, maturing, spinning cocoons, and issuing as 
adult male wasps by September 16 of the same year. In our experiments 
the adults issued from June 29 to September 6, most often during the 
latter part of July or first of August, and specimens were collected in the 
field as early as June 20 and as late as September 12. The adults live a 
maximum of 34 days in cages, and doubtless the normal life of the wasp 
