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diseased grubs, which are undoubtedly Xyloryctes satyrus, were collected 
in a forest area at Little York, Ind., July 2, 1915. 
The Isaria fungi are in most cases supposed to be one stage of the 
Cordyceps fungi, but our knowledge of the subject is meager and views 
are conflicting. 
Our own studies with Jsaria farinosa and I. densa indicate rather 
conclusively their ineffectiveness against the white-grub in the field under 
normal conditions. Indeed they are even less prolific and virulent than 
is the green muscardine fungus, and the conditions found necessary 
for their active growth are seldom if ever duplicated in cultivated fields, 
the perfect Cordyceps stage having been found by us only in forests or 
partly cut-over forest-land where the proper moisture and light condi- 
tions are to be found. 
PITCHER-PLANTS AND PHYLLOPHAGA 
Although probably of little economic importance, mention may be 
made of an interesting observation made in southwestern Georgia in a 
swamp near Coolidge by Dr. W. Dwight Pierce (57) on the insect- 
catching habits of pitcher-plants. In practically every. pitcher of Sar- 
racemia catesbaei Ell, a common species in southwestern Georgia, 
Phyllophaga remains were found. 
Miscellaneous predaceous enemies 
Brrps 
Birds are among the most efficient, if not the most active, natural 
agencies in the control of white-grubs throughout the United States, 
more especially in the newer regions where they are still to be found in 
large numbers. Of the 52 different kinds of birds presently to be men- 
tioned as benefiting the farmer by destroying May-beetles and their 
progeny, probably the crow (Corvus brachyrhynchos) and the crow 
blackbird (Quiscalus quiscula) are the most valuable. They are the 
constant companions of the plowman and diligently pick up the grubs 
and beetles as they are exposed. According to the records of the Biolog- 
ical Survey (4) both May-beetles and grubs have been found in the 
stomachs of crows every month of the year except January. An instance 
of the capacity of blackbirds for grubs was given the writer by Mr. 
Henry Holzinger, of Lancaster, Wis. While a timothy sod was being 
plowed in 1912 a single blackbird was seen by him to eat as many grubs 
as possible and then, with its mouth full of them, to fly away. By actual 
count this bird destroyed twenty grubs in from one to two minutes. 
This habit of the blackbird of eating a large quantity of grubs and then 
flying away with the bill full, is a common one according to our observa- 
tions. 
In addition to the crow and the crow blackbird the Bureau of 
Biological Survey has listed the following birds as feeding on May- 
beetles or white-grubs. They are here given in the order of their probable 
