290 
caterpillars hatching fronf*ther become full-growf’on the apptéach of 
cold weather and’hibernate in the Stems of their food plants. Although 
there aré'two full annual: generations of the. insect in; the Massachusetts 
area, there is only one in New York, owing, no doubt, to the colder 
climate. There would certainly be two generations in Illinois, and possi- 
bly three in the southern part. se 
Fic. 4. Ear of corn infested by European corn-borer, showing the 
characteristic exudations of frass. 
MEANS OF SPREAD 
The moths are fairly strong fliers, and have been observed to fly 
over two hundred and eighty-seven yards at a single flight; and as such 
flights are frequent, it would be easy for the insect to travel a consider- 
able distance during the three or four weeks of its active life as a moth. 
It has, however, probably been established in new localities mainly while 
in the larval stage in the stems of its food plants. There is great danger 
of carrying it in this way from the infested territory, especially in ship- 
ments of broom-corn, hemp, celery, corn on the ear, etc., and more 
particularly in shipments of unshelled seed-corn. During the last few 
years large amounts of sweet corn on the ear have been shipped from 
points in the New England States near the known infested territory to 
canning factories located throughout the Middle Western States (Fig. 
4); and perhaps the greatest danger of introducing the pest in the corn 
