12 



torn of disfa«', soniclinics jtaleness of the conili and 

 visible meiiiliiai.es. lu tlie skin diseases, the Hist 

 symptoms appear on the snrface aaid consist in a loss 

 of glos>s on some of the feathers and stiffness and brit- 

 tleuess of the feathers, and sorae4imes the appearance 

 of naked spots. 



Tlie examination of the throat is important in many 

 cases because it is the seat of two common and very 

 sericais affections of domestic fowls, namely, i-oui) and 

 gapes. In examining- the mouth and thoat the bill can 

 be opened by pressing the thumb and finger on the 

 angle at either side; then if the wiudpipe is pressed up- 

 ward from the neck, the larynx can be forced into the 

 back of the mouth and examined easily. It is fre- 

 quently of advantage to have an assistant hold the fowl 

 wliile the exaiuimi tallies out these manijmlations and 

 iiisii liiilds tlie ti;i!giie down by bearing upon it with a 

 wooden todthinck m- voiiie siniilai- small object. 



Tlie l(.iii]iir:iti'r,' (if tlic low 1 is raivty incasui-ed. lir- 

 caii.se fever i> .slinwii by syinpliuiis of cliillini'ss. etc. 

 but it is well In know ilinl ilic luMuial tcinpcial me of 

 the doineslic fowls \ari(s between Kit; .■iiid 107..". de- 

 grees F. This is .•onsideiably higlier than the leuipera 

 ture of the lar.-er animals. If it be.-ouies desirable to 

 measure the teniix'iature. it can be done by inserting 

 i clinical thermometer into the cloaca. It should pene- 

 trate for about two inches and remain twc' or three 

 minutes before it is withdrawn and read. 



The heart beat of tlie fowl is unite rapid, var.ving 

 from 110 to 110 i>er minute, but the determination of its 

 raj'idity is of little ini])orlance in diagnosing the dis- 

 ease of fovls. b( cause when tliey are gras]>ed for the 

 purpC'Se of counting tlie lieal, it lieeenies so rapid that 

 it is somelinies almost iinpnssible lo count it. lunninu 



