first effects is the ii-ritatiou of tlie membrane liniuf; 

 the digestive tiiid. Tliis produces diarrhoea aud may 

 lead to loss of llesh. Znrn has observed that fowls af- 

 flicted witli tapeworms have an unusual thii-st and an 

 especial likiny for cold water of which they drink large 

 quantities aud he claims that this ^vmptom should 

 always be regarded with suspicion. In time, as the re- 

 sult of the coutinrwl irritation of (he intestinal canal 

 and the fact that much of the nourishment that it con- 

 tains is diverted to the worm and lost to the fowl, the 

 bird becomes weak and thin. Its droppings are fre 

 quently mixed with mucus and sometimes with blood. 

 A close examination of them sometimes reveal seg- 

 ments of the tapeworm and a careful microscopic exam- 

 ination may reveal eggs in large or small quantities. 

 Sometimes the tapeworms indirectly produce an irrita- 

 tion of the nervous system that is characterized by fits. 



If the afflicted fowl dies, it will be found that its 

 organs are pale and contain but little blood. If the 

 intestinal caral is opened the tapeworms can be dis- 

 covered hanging by their thin ends to the mucous mem- 

 brane, with the rest of the body floating in the canal. 

 It is easiest to discover the worms when the intestine 

 is opened with a pair of scissors while it is held below 

 I lie surface of warm water. 



Illinger has described an outbreak of tapeworm di.s- 

 ease among geese that was so extensive that it be- 

 came almost impossible to raise these fowls in a cer- 

 tain district. When the goslings reached the age of 

 ten or twelve weeks they would commence to become 

 thin, notwilhstanding the fact that their appetites con- 

 tinued good, and finally they would develop epilepti- 

 fonn fits and severe diarrhoea and shortly thereafter 

 would die. Death usually occurred within two weeks 

 after the a])pefirancp of the first symptoms. T'pon 



