GRASSES OF IOWA. 485 



rather than wide, one will naturally add now the material with 

 the widest ratio, i. e., silage. Bu', there is a limit to the bulk 

 the animal can h indie, so that hay may be preferable with 

 some animils. Lefc us increase the hay 2^ pounds. 



Dry Digestible Digestible Nutritive 

 maiter. protein, carbohydrates, ratio. 



Hay, 2^;^ pounds 2.1 0.11 1.1 



Secondtotal 23.1 2.88 12.8 



Xew total 25.2 2.99 L3.9 1:4 6 



Standard 28.8 2.97 13.3 1:4.5 



"The result is still low in total dry matter, while giving 

 plenty of nutrients. The ration lacks slightly in bulk but not 

 in food. To try and obtiin bulk with fodders on hand would 

 result in feeding more than the standard amounts of the nutri- 

 ents. Bulk without much nutriment could be furnished by 

 straw, but, as a matter of fact, this is not very important. A 

 ration of 12.5 pounds hay, 25 pounds silage, 4 pounds bran, 3 

 pounds cottonseed meal and 2 pounds of Buffalo gluten meal 

 would meet the Wolff Lehmann standard requirements for a 900 

 pound cow with a sufficient approximation to accuracy. 



"This is a very narrow ration, and, if ever adopted, should 

 be used with ciution particularly at the outset. Three poucds 

 of cottonseed meal is heavy feeding, heavier than is often 

 advisable. Were half this replaced with linseed the ration 

 would be the safer but a trifle poorer in protein. 



"The longer and complete figuring is carried out as follo^^s: 

 The average analysis of mixed hay, so far as it pertains to the 

 ingredients called for in the determination of the standard, is 

 as follows (Table II): Dry matter 84.7 per cent (100 — 15.3 per 

 cent water), crude protein 7.4 percent, crude fiber 27.2 percent, 

 nitrogen-free extract 42.1 per cent, ether extract 2.5 per cent 

 The digestion coefficients for these ingredients are respectively 

 (Table III), .59, .60, .59, and .49. Multiplying each percentage 

 by its digestion coefficients gives the digestible ingredients in 

 100 pounds (Table III), protein, 4.4 (7.4X.59) crude fiber, 16.3 

 (27.2X.60), nitrogen-free extract, 24.8 (42.1X.59) ether extract, 

 1. 2 (2. 5X. 49). Adding the fiber and the nitrogen-free extract and 

 2.25 times the ether extract for "carbohydrates and ether 

 extract," we ge'j 43.9. Ten pounds of hay being fed, each fig- 

 ure is multiplied by .10 (10 being 1-10 oc 100) with results as 

 follows: In 10 pounds of mixed hay, total dry matter 8.5 

 pounds, protein 0.44 pounds, carbohydrates etc.. 4.4 pounds. 

 These are the figures given on the top line of the table on page 



