Ctt Drs. Gall and Spurzkeini's Physiognomonical Si/stem. S07 



riianifest"^ itself only by the organization. Mind is not material, 

 the brain being only its instrument or organ : J,he bone or skull 

 is not the brain : neither is craniology to be understood as treat- 

 ing of the cranium, but of the physiology of the brain. The 

 skull only bears the marks of the brain, whence its form and 

 existence are inferred. The brain contains all the faculties ; which 

 we know only by tiieir manifestations : amanmay possess a faculty 

 or disposition for nmsic ; but we cannotsav whether sacred or pro- 

 fans music be his study: we maydiscover the susceptibility or pre- 

 disposition, l)ut not the jjrecise character or application ofthat pow- 

 er ; it is the latent, and not the determinate action, which is in- 

 dicated by the character or configuration of the brain. Physical 

 diseases of the brain are not accompanied with corresponding ones 

 of the mind ; ail tlie cerebral parts are double : a% we have two 

 eves, two ears, and two nostrils, so have we two brains : henc« 

 a partial loss of brain destroys not the mental faculties, any 

 more than the loss of an eye or an ear, the sense of seeing or 

 hearing. Our observations, however, are here very imperfect, 

 as there may be many defects in the faculties of persons having 

 wounded brains, which are never noticed by casual observers. — 

 Case (the 14th, seen by the lecturer) of a hydrocephalic patient, 

 A voung man of 19, in London, whose skull is greatly enlarged 

 with water ; it measures 23 inclies in circumference, and ap- 

 pears like a turban on an agreeable countenance. Water sepa- 

 rates the lobes or the brain horizontally, and not perpendicular- 

 ly ; it never lodges next the cranium, but always in the interior 

 parts of the brain, which seldom contains above two spoonfuls. — 

 OssiJication of tlie brain, an imaginary disease. If ossification 

 could be proved, the whole cranioiogical system must be aban- 

 doned, as Dr. S. attaches more importance to the brain than all 

 preceding physiologists ; he considers it not only the seat of tha 

 Tnind, but of all the moral sentiments and aifcctions. Two 

 Italian anatomists found an ox with what they supposed an ossi- 

 fied brain : thev acknowledged, however, that the animal was not 

 only without i)rain, but also without nerves ; although he ap- 

 peared in a perfect state, and witli allhis senses ! What is called 

 ossified brain, is nothing but bony excrescences found in the 

 skull: the lecturer has icen nine ditfereut specimens of such 

 osseous matter, preserved in caljinets, erroneoiiUy supposed to 

 be ossified brain ; but many of them were of very different figures, 

 i'.nd much larger than the original brain of the animals in v.hose 

 heads they were found. — Small brain of aii ox, crocodile, tiger, 

 and tortoise weighing 3001bs, contra-ted with that of man. 

 Brain is absolutely necessary to mind and ,to moral sentiment ; 

 it is not in the viscera, but in the brain, where fseling exists : al- 

 \j 2 though 



