Meteorological Observations. 239 
SEPTEMBER.—The weather for the first fifteen days, was very gloomy, 
cloudy, and wet, with an unsettled state of temperature.— In about sixty 
hours, viz. from ‘the 7th to the 10th, there was a loss of 27° of temperature, 
when it became more settled; with a brilliant serene atmosphere, and a 
high barometrical pressure, mitch continued to the end. 
Ocrober,—On the fourth, the temperature was at the monthly maximum, 
when rain fell very copiously ; the temperature now continued to descend 
to the 18th, when fi ‘eezing was observed the first time this season.—The 
heat soon after rose, and the weather to the end was fine and dry, with the 
exception of the two last days.— Prevailing winds, south-west. 
NovVEMBER.—The most prominent variation in this month was, the vi- 
bratory impulse g given to the atmospherical pressure during the first half of 
the month, indeed a similar occurrence took place at the same time with 
the temperature. ‘The weather upon the whole was mild for the season, as 
the temperature was very seldom under freezing.—Rain fell copiously from 
the Sth to the 18th.—No hail was noticed, and there was only one appear- 
ance of snow. 
DECEMBER—Was decidedly gloomy, cloudy, and rainy; but not so cold 
as is usually the case at this time of the year; except the few last days, 
the nightly state of temperature, (in consequence of a continuance of a gen- 
tle north wind) was lowered upon three instances, eiglt degrees under 
freezing. —- 
The annual barometrical pressure for the past year, is 29,900 inches. The 
maximum of 30,78 occurred twice, viz. on the 22d of January, and the 26th 
of December ; the minimum of 28,24 inches, was on the 17th of October; 
the range of the two extremes of course will be 2,51 inches.—The greatest 
variation in tw enty-four hours for the whole year, was on the 14th of No- 
vember, being 1,55 inches. 
The mean annual temperature is 48°,66, being half a degree more than 
the annual temperature of 1812; the maximum was on the 20th of July, 
and the minimum on the 26th of January; the difference of the two ex- 
tremes, will make a range of 61°. Greatest variation in twenty-four hours 
was 28°, which occurred on the 14th of April—The mean temperature of 
the six summer months.is 56°,28, and for winter 41°,04. 
‘The annual fall of ram, snow, hail, &c. is near 35 inches in depth; Mr. 
George Walker’s account of rain, is two inches more, Lut the low situation 
of his gauge, compared with mine, will partly account for the difference. 
I am enabled to state, that May, October, and November, were the wettest 
months of the year, and April the dryest. I have been favoured with an 
account of rain, taken at White Holme Reservoir, upon Bluckstone-edge, by 
my friend Mr. Matthew Leadbetter, at dane Sites near Middleton, agentle- 
man whose accuracy of observation I can place implicit confidence in; 
his account commences on the first of April, as will be seen,in the above 
table; the very great fall of rain upon Blackstone-edge is most astonishing, 
being 86 inches in depth, in nine months.—At a future opportunity, I in- 
tend to give a description of the place where the gauge is fixed, at present 
it piay be proper to observe, that the funnel is exactly the same diameter 
as mine, and the same means are used in measuring the quantity collected. 
From so remote and elevated a place, situated as it is upon the borders of 
the two counties of Lancashire and Yorkshire, perhaps where no observa- 
_ tions of the kind were ever before made, it cannot fail of being particularly 
interesting, but in au especial manner to the Proprietors of the Rochdale 
Canal. as their hopes of supply are principally drawn from that source. 
The south, south-west, and west winds, have been the prevailing ones.— 
The most brisk and boisterous winds blew in February, March, and April. 
Total quantity of water evaporated (from a surface of water exposed to 
the effects of winds and the sun, but not to its direct rays,) since the first of 
May, is a little more than 17 inches. Meteoro- 
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