Notices respecting New Books. 381 
guidance of the assistant. This combination of local with the 
general use of thie vapour bath, is capable of producing effects, 
which nothing less than having been a witness to them myself 
could have induced me to believe. 
<< In ease the warm reservoir should have been too freely 
used, and the temperature should not be found equal to the re- 
quired degree, each warm bath is provided with the-means of 
being heated separately. One has a double bottom, between 
which steam is conveyed, which imparts its heat to the water, 
and may be thus raised to any temperature. The other warm 
baths are provided with a steam pipe, which descends to the 
bottem of the bath, and steam is thrown into the water, on the 
same principle as Count Rumford fitted up an apparatus for 
Mr. Gott of Leeds. 
“The manner of heating water according to this mode of 
the Count’s, is attended with several inconveniences. The 
steam going into cold water, is suddenly robbed of its heat, be- 
comes condensed, and forms a vacuum ; according to the quan- 
tity condensed, a corresponding report is produced. If the pipeis 
of three or four inches diameter, the report would be equal to the 
report of a musket or pistol. Another material inconvenience is 
the great vibration caused by these reiterated concussions, which in 
ashort time would destroy the integrity of any machinery. To 
overcome these objections, I have consulted many artists and en- 
gineers, and have been at much trouble and expense in a variety 
of experiments. The means I have found the most effectual to 
overcome the difficulties just enumerated, is to have a small 
copper pipe of three quarters of an inch diameter, conveyed 
round three sides of the bottom of the bath; this pipe is to be 
perforated by an infinite number of small holes, not Jarger than 
the perforations made in the top of a copper watering pot; the 
perforations should commence in the pipe five or six inches after 
it has reached the bottom of the bath, and continue to the en- 
tire end; by this means the small bubbles of steam, passing 
through these small apertures, are condensed with little noise and 
very trifling violence. This is a very good mode of heating 
water, and very applicable to the heating of baths. The double 
bottom, in many instances, is better, particularly where the ma- 
terial would be injured by an addition of water: for the steamy 
which is thrown in by the steam pipe, is condensed into water, 
and adds considerably to the quantity of fluid in the vessel thus 
heated. This is not the case with the false bottom, as the wa- 
ter does not communicate with the bath, but is condensed and 
collected, being pure distilled water; which is applicable to a 
variety of useful purposes, for saline solutions, required in mak- 
ing artificial mineral waters. From this account may be col- 
lected 
