and tlie Strata, &c, in Derhj shire. IQQ 



tham-) bridge in Hathersafre, on the Limestone Shale, and 

 is excavated therein through its whole length to Edale-Head, 

 fiv\<\ to Castleton. 



The Ashop River falls into the Derwent at Cock-Bridge, 

 south of Darwent- Chapel, on the Limestone Shale, and all 

 its different branches are excavated therein, except some of 

 iheir extreme ends, which penetrate the 1st Grit, on the 

 heights. 



Thus it appears, that the Derwent River, which collects 

 its water from very deep Excavations \\\ the lowest known 

 Stratum in all this District, the 4th Lime Rock, both by its 

 Wye branch and its Noe branch from Castletcm Peaks Hole 

 (see page 289), conveys the same on to the highest known 

 Stratum of the County, the Red Marl ; and a similar re- 

 mark will apply to the Dove River, of which I shall next 

 treat. 



The Dove River empties itself info the Trent at Newton- 

 Solncv Ford, on Red Marl covered by sandy (Quartz Gravel, 

 about a mile above which it passes under ihe Trent and 

 Mersey Ci»nal, through twelve low Aqueduct Arches, from 

 whence for n>anv miles its course is verv widelv excavated 

 in the Red Marl Strata, and sands Quartz Gravel mixed 

 with thin rounded Limestones, is lodged as a floor in the 

 bottom of this Valley, in so regular a manner, as to form 

 ^at Meadows (nccabionally flooded) from ^ to 2 miles wide, 

 the adjacent heights being composed of Red Marl in hori- 

 Z'Milal strata; which at Row-Bank contain lavers of Gyn- 

 sum, near Colon in Hanburv, Staffordshire, and in other 

 places near, seep. 151. Above Hanffing-Bridge, on the 

 Road from Ashburne to Leek, the great Derbyshire Fault 

 (see p. 146) crosses this River, and suddenly lerminates the 

 Red Marl, bringing the Limestone Shale opposite to it on 

 the north side, and in which, and the Shale Limestone be- 

 loniiing to it, the Dove Valley is excavated, to the crossing 

 of the great Limestone Fault (see page 98.3) at the entrance 

 of Dove Dale, near Thorpe. For a considerable distance 

 above and below Hanging-Bridge, a vast mass rjf sandv 

 Quartz Gravel Rock ? is lodged, and in which the V^alley of 

 Dove seems excavated ; abeut ^ rn. above Mappleton, the 

 Otjartz Gravel in the Vale ^^^^^%, and above this, the small 

 quantity of Alluvia which is lodged in the bottoms <"tf the 

 Vales, consist of thin l/imestones, and other native alluvial 

 inntters. From the ureal' Fault last mentioned, the highly 

 curious Dove Dale comnKnrcs (see page 66), having the 

 two surpri^imj; Hills of 4th Limestone, Bunstcr on the W 

 and Thor|>e-Cloud on the K, at ihe eniraiice oi the Dale, 

 N J and 



