364 Description of an improved Pump for raising 



lating the valve, so that the pump takes the water as it 

 comes,) very little rubbish is then taken into the pump, 

 and much wear and tear of buckets prevented. 



Secondly. — I also by this valve and side pipe, preclude 

 the necessity of ever drawing the bucket to displace the air. 

 The clack piece was made as small as possible, and the 

 clack with its gearing vcrv low, in order to have as little 

 space as possible between the bucket and the clack. The 

 clack as represented in the drawing, possesses the advantages 

 of being easily caught by the clack hook, in case of being 

 under vi'ater. The ring prevents it from oversetting, and 

 thereby fastening itself in the pumps, and the valves are 

 very easily repaired by unscrewing the cross-bar, which 

 admits of their being taken oft' and replaced. 



Thirdly. — I avoid the inconvenience of suspending the 

 pumps by ropes, by forming the suction-pipe in two 

 pieces, one inner and outer pipe ; the outer pipe is bored for 

 about six inches in length, and the inner one turned cylin- 

 drically to fit it ; they slide into each other, the whole 

 length of a regular pipe, viz. nine feet ; and they are made 

 tight by collars of leather, surrounded by a cup filled with 

 water and clay. The pumps are supported at proper di- 

 stances, so as to suit the length of the pipes, by beams, and 

 across those are other beams upon which the flanches of 

 the pipes rest j these last are not fastened by any bolt, in or- 

 der that they may be readily removed; the pumps by these 

 means remain stationary, and the suction-pipe lengthens as 

 the pit is sunk, until it is drawn out to its full extent. 

 The whole column is then lowered to the next flanches, 

 and another pipe is added to the top ; the lower end of the 

 suction pipe is formed somewhat like a crank, in order 

 that the sinkers, by turning it round upon the other pipe, 

 may move it from one place to another, and so prevent the 

 necessity of sinking immediately under it. 



Fourtkly. — The pumps being stationary as above stated, 

 the pipe at the top will of course deliver the water at the 

 same level at all times, and instead of being obliged to 

 lengthen the column every yard sunk, it will only be ne- 

 cessary every nine feet. 



By sinking the pit above mentioned io the manner I 

 have stated, the whole of the ditficulties so generally com- 

 plained of were obviated, the safety of the workmen em- 

 ployed greatly inc-eased, and much time, labour, and ex- 

 pense saved. If the above should appear to the Society 

 deserving of their notice and patronage, or the publishing 



