Horse in the Shafts has fallen. 1 1 9 



5 —The same principle may be applied in difTercnt ways 

 from what I have shown in the i""dcl ; tor instance an- 

 other mode may be adopted by frannng the tad-board of the 

 cart strong enough to bear the purchase, and ^^nh the u.e 

 of the two side-cliains above mentioned It may be made to 



answer the purpose. . . i . • • 



Another plan, though more expensive, is by obtaining 

 two wrouoht-iron uprights to be fixed as substitutes tor 

 the truss-staffs at the back part of the cart, with a hole in 

 the top of each to receive an iron rod, which ,s occasiona Uy 

 to be introduced, reaching from one side of the cart to the 

 other, connecting the two uprights together; when in ac- 

 tion the two side-chains to be used as m other cases. 

 Beference to the Drawing of Mr. Smit lis JiMod of raising 

 7ip a Horse when, fallen down in the Shajts of a loaded 

 Cart, Fig. 2. PI. IV. 



A is the wheel, and B the shafts of a cart, such as is used 

 in London ; c the .ide-rails , at the end of the body an iron 

 stancheon or truss-staflT, a, is fixed by a hinge at the lower 

 end, and at the upper end it is supported by a chain /', 

 extended from the fore part of the body of the cart: this 

 . diacronal chain forms a firm support to the stancheon. I his 

 is all the addition made to the common cart, and is used in 

 the event of the shaft-horse falling, by hooking the traces 

 of the other horses to a chain d, also fixed to the stancheon : 

 the power of these horses, applied at this height above the 

 Julcrum, will have a great purchase to elevate the snafts 

 and set the fallen horse at liberty, as is evident from an in- 

 spection of the fitrure. The stancheon moves on a joint 

 on its lower end, a"nd the oblique chain unhooks at 0; the 

 end can be connected with a short piece of chain e fastened 

 to the last of the side-rails ; the stancheon now takes the 

 position of the dotted lines /, and the short chain which 

 hands doun perpendicular from the end of it, may be taken 

 hold^ of by any number of men, to. weigh upon and raise 

 the cart in cases where the horses cannot conveniently be 

 applied ; the men will in this manner have much great.^r 

 effect than mertly (as is the common practice) weighing on 

 the hind part of the cart. 



When the chain is completely detached, and the stan- 

 cheon suffered to hang down perpendicularly, it forms a 

 prop to support the cart steady whilst it is unloaded. Jl 

 should be observP(i, that though only one stancheon appears 

 in the figure, tlicre arc in fact two, one being placed on each 

 jide of the cart. , ' 



114 XXyilT. Method 



