wa. 
. 
* 
. 
338 Method of producing Light, Heat,-and 
close vessels, as that method is ‘so generally known; it 
must be clear to every one, that it is procured by distilling 
the coal. 
I have, as follows, described the method T use in -extract~ 
ing the spirit from the tar, the’ process of which is so simple 
that every one must understand tt. 
Fig. 2, Pl. VIlIvis a section of the furnaces,:and one of 
the retorts, almost avy number of which may work ima line; 
the same flue will do for all, only taking care, if'any are 
not at work, to stop up the draught-hole, which communi- 
cates with the flue. ‘lhese furnaces are built without bars, 
grates, or doors. A is the place'where the fuel is put. in 
to heat the retort G ; the fire lies under it, and the smoke is 
earried off into the flue F. -B'is the oaperture where the 
ashes are raked out. Gis a section of the iron bason, or 
Jower part of the retort; the dark-shaded square part shows 
the space the fire occupies, and the black square D the fue 
as it runs along the back of all the line of furnaces, and-en- 
ters the chimney R, as the arrows show. I, figs: 2.and.3, 
shows ihe upper part of the iron, earthen, or glass retort, 
fitted on the cast-iron -basonG. © K, the receiver. » By this 
mode of setting the retorts, all the great expense of bars, 
doors, frames, “&c. is saved, ‘and a brisker draught of: air 
is obtained, which may be slackened at pleasure by covering 
up in part, or wholly, the fire-place*A with-a-brick. Eis 
‘a Square iron plate with a circular hole in the centre, built 
on the top of the furnace. The cast-iron bason of the retort 
G is made to the size of the hole in the plate: the most 
convenicnt size of the bason of the retort I find is-about 
five or six vallons, in the shape of a‘deep ‘pot, with a flanch 
orrim H round the edge of it; ‘this pot or bason of the 
retort is put into the iron plate E,'and the flanch of the 
retort then rests ‘on the plate E. lis the upper part’ of the 
retort without a bottam, made to rest’ and fit on the’ flanch 
of the cast-iron’ bason G. Kis the teceiver, larger in the 
mouth than the nose of the retort. ‘To begin the ‘work, I 
till, nearly, the iron bason of the retort G°with coaltar, [I 
‘then put on the upper part of the retort 1, and make it air- 
ught with a little sand thrown round it at the flanch’H ; 
‘the receiver K is put in its place, and a slow fire*is put in 
at A, under the retort: the tar soon begins‘to boil slowly, 
or rather simuamer. Now as soon as that begins there risés 
from the tar a thick whitish vapour, which fills'the glass 
retort, part becomes condénsed, and falls in drops from the 
aides of the retort into the tar again, while the purer spirit 
rises into the neck, is condensed, and keeps dripping down 
; : {ti .ofk.. 78 dev the 
