362 Method of procuring Turpentine 
‘the Scotch fir when cut down, and that the charcoal made 
from it would not be injured by the tar being first ex- 
tracted; and as J was in Norway, Sweden, and Russia, in 
1789 and 1790, and saw no tree from which I consider that 
tar could be extracted, except the Scotch fir, or red deal, - 
which is one and the same tree, I am persuaded that the 
refuse of that tree must be what they make the tar from in 
those countries, though J had no opportunity of seeing the 
process there. J suspect that the Swedish tar-kilns must 
be constructed of brick, or some sort of masonry, as the 
tar frem thence is much clearer, better, and more free 
from extraneous matters than that of any other country. 
I have observed the tar from North Carolina to have fre- 
quently a quantity of sand in it, which is easily accounted 
for, from the soil in which the kilns are made; it would, 
in the careless way in which they, take it out of the hole 
dug in a sandy soil, be very likely, ‘to. be mixed, with the 
sand, In the small/cask, in which’ the ‘turpentine is, I 
have sent.a few small red, deal knots ;from. some timber that 
] have lately taken out.of my warehouse,| on some altera- 
tions being, made; the timber from which they are taken 
has been in the warehonse-ever since the summer of 1786. 
and yet when these pieces are exposed to a moderate heat, 
the tar will be seen to exude from,them. 
} remain, sir, 
Your obedient and very humble servant, 
Bridport Harbour, Nov. 27, 1809.. | H. B. Way. 
To C. Taylor, M.D: Sec. a . 
Extracts of Notes taken. by, Mr, Way. 
Portman ni sppygon ehursday, April 12,1792. 
Arrived at Wilmington, North; Carolina, about one P.M. 
_ Observed on the, roads-the-pitebspinesoprepared for extract- 
ing turpentines which dis, done ;by; eutting.a hollow in the 
tree about »ix inches from the ground, and then taking the 
bark off fron»a space-of about 18) inehes above it, from the 
sappy wood. The turpetitine runs! from Aprié to October, 
and is caught; by the-hollow belows (Some of the trees 
were cut on two, sides, and onlyia sttip. of the bark left of 
about four inches in breadth.on each of the other two sides, 
for conveyance of the sap necessary for the support of the 
tree. A captain Cook, with whom I had been travelling, 
informed me that some trees would run six or seven years, 
and that every year the bark was cut away higher and higher, 
till the tree would run no longer; and f observed many that 
had 
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