344 Analysis of the Labours of the Royal Academy 



the French armies during twenty-five campaigns, he has followed 

 them into the four (juavters of the globe, and has had the chief 

 direction of the surgical praftice in Egvpt and in Russia, as well 

 as in all tlie intennediate climates, — during epochs of victory the 

 most brilliant and prosperous, as well as in defeats the most ca- 

 lamitous, — in situations of deprivation the most absolute. No 

 variety of occasion has he wanted, and he has profited by them 

 all. To those results of his experience which he has already 

 recorded in various public works, he has added this year some 

 important observations upon the effects of foreign bodies intro- 

 duced into the lungs, and the operations employed to remove 

 them. When the tollection of pus or of blood has forced the 

 lungs to contract, the expulsion of these matters occasions a 

 void in the thorax, which Nature endeavours to fill up either by 

 tile production of new matter, or by detaching matter from the 

 sides and other neighbouring parts. M. Larrey has been able 

 to exhibit these changes by the dissection of individuals who, after 

 being cured, had fallen victims to other fatalities. He has also 

 been the first to fix the opinion of practicians, as to the possibi- 

 lity of the amputation of the thigh at its superior articulation, by 

 presenting an actual case of such amputation followed with per- 

 fect recovery, and njaking known the rnode by which it may be 

 performed with safety. 



Rural (Econofny. 



The fur of the beaver, so necessary in the manufacture of hats, 

 becoming daily more scarce and costly, many other furs have 

 been tried, without any being found which could supply its place. 

 M. Guichardiere, hatter in Paris, has employed, with success, 

 as a substitute the fur of the sea otter, and also that of the native 

 otter. It is true that hats wholly composed of such a material 

 would be dearer even than those made of beaver; but consider- 

 able profit will be found by overlaying, or as the hatters call it 

 gilding, hats vAth this fur, the hodics of which are formed of more 

 common stuff: — in the same manner, in short, as has already 

 been long the practice with beaver. 



It still remains to us to rank among the useful works which 

 have occupied the members or the correspondents of the Aca- 

 demy of Sciences during the year 1816, the instruction of M. Hu- 

 zard on the means proper for disinfecting cow-houses, and pre- 

 serving cattle from the cpizooty; — many articles of agriculture 

 inserted by M. Yvart in the New Dictionary of Natural History, 

 particularly one on the breeding of domestic animals ; with the 

 History of French Agriculture^ by M. Rougicr de hx Bergerie. 



MATHE- 



