THE 



PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE 



AND JOURNAL: 



COMPREHENDING 



THE VARIOUS BRANCHES OF SCIENCE, 

 . THE LIBERAL AND FINE ARTS* 

 GEOLOGY, 

 AGRICULTURE, 



MANUFACTURES AND COMMERCE. 



BY ALEXANDER TILLGCH, 



M.R.I.A. F.S.A. EciN. and Perth, &c. 



« Nee aranearum sane textus ideo melior quia ex se fila gignunt, nee noster 

 vilior quia ex alienls libamus ut apes." Just. Lips. Monit. I'olit. lib. i. cap. i. 



^■-•^ W VOL. XLVL 



For JULY, AUGUST, SEPTEMBER, OCTOBER, NOVEMBER, 

 and DECEMBER, 1813. 



LONDON: 



rRINTED BY RICHARD AND ARTHUR TAYLOR, SHOE LANE: 



Aiid sold by Cadell and Davjes; Longman, Hurst Rees, Orme, and 



Brov/n ; Murray; Highlky; Sherwood and Co.; Harding ; 



Undbrwood, London ; Constable .-ind Co. Edinburgh: 



Brash and Reid, and Niven, Glasgow: 



& Gilbert & Hodges, Dubliu. 



