t>n Drs. Gait and S[)urzheim'' s Pkyslognomorncal System. 51 



This facukv compares, it is tlie XXXth configuration or organ, 

 ttf comparison. Animals have it in. a certain degree; it is ne- 

 cessary fen- reiisoniiig to coin]);ire, and men love comixiFisoirs. 



If the upper part of the forehead be prominent, or an elevated 

 ridge traverse it horizontally; it is what Gall called th-e organ of 

 metaphysics ; but all men are more or less metaphysicians. T^he 

 lateral proininenees Dr. S. considers as indicating the relation 

 between cause and effect ; while the centre elevation comj)ares, 

 the side ones reflect on causes and effects. Metaphysicians go too 

 far, they pretend to know God whom it is impossible for man to 

 know; they take virtues only for caus<'s. Lt is injurious to the 

 progress of science to inquire into causes instead of observing 

 facts. This is the XXXIst organ ofcausaliiy ; it appears in every 

 artist, and mechanic, &:c. all excellence in any art or calling is 

 indicated by this organ ; Drvden, Milton, Shakespeare, Locke, 

 late Mr. Pitt, &c. iiad it. Philosopihical minds have individuality, 

 facts and analogy or relation bctvceen cause and effect ; i. e. 

 knowing, comparing and exaiahiing the cause ; these are con- 

 fined to the centre ; it is not necessary to have the v/hole fore- 

 head proraiiTient ; the mere front is sufficiefit. instance of a^ 

 shepherd with highly developed reflecting facultres, 



XXXII. Organ of tuit ; it is situated in the lateral parts^, 

 which must be prominent over the eyes, as appears on Sterne's 

 temj>les. What is wit ? it is very difficult to define; ma' v 

 writers have vainly atteiipted to give the definition in words ; witi 

 and humour are only different degrees of the same faculty. Wits 

 have a pecidiar mode o£ compiuiiig. ; wit Is ofte.u false, yet it 

 stimulates to laughteB. 



XXXIII. Orgujf of imilatmi ; it was discoveretl i)y Gall on; 

 «xainiaing the head of a player who had a deep fiirrow on the 

 top of his forehead. Instance of a deaf boy, who imitated or 

 miuiickcd the manner of all the patients brought to the hospital 

 in \'ienna where he was. Bust of Shakespeare having this organ,, 

 fihat of benevolence aijd adjoinimg parts liigli ; it is useful tO' 

 artists, .sculptors, &c. it gives them the j)ovver of producing ex- 

 pression. Sculjjtors ought also to have the organs of construc- 

 tn)n and imitation. Children do much by imitation, and the' 

 majority of men live all their live^ by imitating others^, instead 

 of reflecting for themselves. — Having finished tliC defini- 

 tion and demonstration of the organs. Dr. S. observed that ef 

 some he hail spoken- positively, of others only as probable^, and 

 of some again as very likely. Tfie entire system is founded on' 

 fects and experience ; prove the facts false and it is annihilated.. 

 Dr. S. has added three organs to the number proposed by Dr., 

 Gall, and made thcni thirty-three. Philosophers proceed, one 

 wjkv, Uiitijrali.stj another ; the latitcr inquire; on seeing an.y. new 



D i subjcctjt 



