B-S i)r. Spttrzhcmi's demonstrative Course qfLectureis 



■Some faculties are social, some antisocial; the former areliumafl^ 

 ■the latter brutal. The^selfish will not go with the selfish, noi- 

 the proud with the proud; Wo proud man hkes pride, and hencA 

 the origin of antipnthv. The credulous, motkst, or circumspect^ 

 never lov« the seHish>, extravagant, &:c\ Similarity or congenia- 

 litv is the basis of friendship. The inore faculties a man has th^ 

 more happy he is ; but if tliese faculties canHot be gratified^ 

 then he is in t!ic same proportion miserable. 



Led. 14. The Professor now proceeded to unfold the second 

 part of his svstenj, the external CKjoression of the activity of the 

 •i'aculticr. This has been callfd physiognomy, pathognomy, mi- 

 inickry, ^'c. Dr. S. de'noininatH?s it pathognomy or natural lan- 

 guage. \Vhene\«<;r any faculty is active it manifests itself by 

 cxtenial signs-, called pathoguomical. Lavater admitted to the 

 •number of ^O-SFgns, every one of which formed a kind of ex- 

 oc])tion to the others ; I>ut the laws of nature are certain and 

 have no excepftons. Physiognomy is a very ancient study ; So»- 

 loiuou's Proverbs contain examples of it. Pathognomv or natu»- 

 ral langxuige nia'uifests tlie iaternal activity of the faculties. Here 

 the Professor took a retrospect <if the principles he bad advanced> 

 "described the connection between the .spinal marrow and the 

 ferain, and tl>at the latter acts on the body by means of the 

 »er\"es. The five senses are influenced by or act on the •externai 

 Xvorld. Whenever any projx-nsity is active the necessary means 

 •also enter into action, the fi\e senses and voluntary niotiou J 

 hesce mimiekry or pathognoray gives th6 proper attitude. Na- 

 ture always adopts the best and easiest mode, without any re> 

 fleetion : it is perfectly instinctive. — Exatnples of false attitudes 

 ^iven to th'Hr statues hv the ancients. Throughout all nature 

 the fatuity is conformaljle to the action and the action to the fa»- 

 cuky, and the motitm or gestv'ire is always in dii-ectioH with the 

 jjcenliar organ or faculty in action, whether it be seated upwards^, 

 downwards^, or on the side. Attachment of friendship manifests 

 itself by inclining the body and shaking hands-, &c. ; coml)ative- 

 ness instinctively puts itself in an attitude of defence, contracting 

 the forward muscles, drawing in the arms, &c. ; destructiveness 

 when in action both in men and animals, opens the hands and 

 claws like grasping, shakes the head, &;c. ; a man having se- 

 cretiveness wishes to conceal himself, knocks gentiy at the door, 

 walks on tiptoe, speaks low, and when departing contracts him- 

 self j cautiousness looks and listens on all sides^ pauses, looks, 

 and listens again; in approbation all is slight, delicate, atten- 

 tive ; but self-love is stiff, reserved, careless, unbending, and the 

 reverse of approbation; the reflecting faculties withdraw from 

 the external world, shut the eyes, become still, &:c. When dif- 

 ferent faculties are in action^ all similar parts are also acti^ie. 



It 



