THE 
PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE 
AND JOURNAL: — 
COMPREHENDING 
THE VARIOUS BRANCHES OF SCIENCE, 
THE LIBERAL AND FINE ARTS, 
GEOLOGY, 
AGRICULTURE, 
MANUFACTURES AND COMMERCE. 
ET EE ETE 
BY ALEXANDER TILLOCH, 
M.R.LA. MGS. MR.AS, Monicn, F.S.A. Epin, ann Pert, &c. 
« Nec aranearum save textus ideo melior quia ex se fila gignunt, nec soster vilior quia 
ex alienis libamus ut apes.” Just. Lips. Afonit. Petits lib. i, cap. 2, 
VOL. LIl. oa) mS 
For JULY, AUGUST, SEPTEMBER, OCTOBER, NOVEMBER, 
and DECEMBER, 1818. 2 
— “ 
LONDON: 
PRINTED BY RICHARD AND ARTHUR TAYLOR, SHOE LANE: 
And sold by Capet and Davies; Lonoman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and 
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