Management of Sheep and Cattle. 287 
The cow is, perhaps, deficient in milk; vet, by care in the 
choice of the best, and attention to regular milking, the quantity 
given by one has been increased to 2000 quarts in a year. In 
general, the dairy of the Graf consists of crosses of the Styrian 
breed, or the still more valued breeds of Switzerland, of which 
one in his possession gave 3400 quarts in the vear. The cows 
are constantly in the house during the whole year, and are 
brushed and cleaned like horses daily; their stalls are kept per- 
fectly neat, and are very well constructed. A raised passage about 
three feet broad, runs along the middle of the building, on each 
side of which the cows are arranged with their heads towards 
each other. ‘This passage is boarded on its sides and floor, and 
enables the servants employed, both to look at and feed the cat- 
tle with the greatest convenience. 
Besides common cattle, the Graf has about a dozen buffaloes, 
singularly uncouth animals; their carcase in proportion to their 
height, which is inferior to that of a cow, very round and broad. 
Their colour is black, their hair coarse, and so scanty that the 
skin is discernible in every part. The tail more nearly resem- 
bles that of the elephant than of the ox; and the head is so 
placed in a horizontal position, with the nose stretched for- 
ward, that their horns usually lie on their shoulders. The noise 
they make has no resemblance to the lowing of a cow, it is rather 
ashrill snort. They are bred in Hungary for the same purposes 
as ordinary cattle. The milk which they give is richer than other 
milk, and considerable in quantity. A single animal yielded 1470 
quarts in the year. As beasts of labour, they are excessively 
strong, but they are slow and unmanageable. 
The dairy establishments are distributed in different places, 
and put under the care of resident servants or peasants, who 
have to account to the proprietor for the produce chiefly in but- 
ter. A steward or trusty person attends each'day to see how 
much milk is obtained. At certain intervals the trial is made to 
discover what quantities of butter should be yielded by a given 
quantity of milk, and thus a good check is placed upon all parties 
employed. A regular register is also kept of the quantity of 
milk given monthly by each cow, for the purpose of ascertaining 
what calves particularly deserve to be reared. I shall here con- 
clude the subject by subjoining a short extract of two or three 
items from such a register. 
Name. 
