182 New experimental Researches 
The muscies of the Proteus are also very weak, nor is there 
any animal whose blood presents such large globules. The lungs 
have a great resemblance to the natatoire bladder of fish; whence 
M.. Rudolphi infers that they probably contribute very little to 
the decarbonization of the blood; and as the globules of the 
blood, from their large size, and consequently small number, offer 
necessarily less surface, he is further inclined to think that 
branches are indispensable. 
On dissecting four individuals recently caught, he found in one 
of them large ovaries communicating with the rectum; and in 
another of twenty inches eight lines in length, testicles of con- 
siderable size with small epididyme. 
M. Rudolphi concludes from all these facts, that these animals 
are not of the species of bull-heads, but perfect animals. 
a — a 
XXIX. New experimental Researches on some of the leading 
Doctrines of Caloric; particularly on the Relation between the 
Elasticity, Temperature, and latent Heat of different Va- 
pours ; and on thermometric Admeasurement and Capacity. 
iret ANDREW Ure, M.D. 
[Concluded from p. 102.] 
Cuapter II.- 
On thermometric Admeasurement, and the Doctrine of Capacity. 
Berorz inquiring into the relative quantities of heat contained 
in different vapours at the same tension, it will be proper to de- 
termine the primary and fundamental proposition concerning the 
measure of temperature. It is singular, that not one experi- 
mental fact has been advanced, capable of settling this ques- 
tion, amid the contending opinions of chemical philosophers. 
Mr. Dalton has, in particular, exerted all the resources of his 
genius and science to destroy our confidence in the thermome- 
tric scale ; our sole guide in the vast and intricate province of 
caloric. While I hope to be able to fix this now indeterminate 
point, by a new train of investigations, and consequently to prove 
the entire fallacy of his doctrine of temperature, the key-stone of 
his system of heat, I do not mean to affirm the absolute unifor- 
mity of expansion in bodies, by equal increments of that power. ~ 
I think it imdeed highly probable, that every species of matter, 
both solid and liquid, follows an increasing rate in its enlarge- 
ment by caloric. Each portion that enters into a body must 
weaken the antagonist force, cohesion; and must therefore ren- 
der more efficacious the operation of the next portion that is in- 
troduced, Let 1000 represent the cohesive attraction at the com- 
mencement ; 
