128 Free Remarks on the Geological Work 



tion now so well proved to exist, between particular Beds or la- 

 minae of the Strata, and particular Species or varieties of Shells 

 or other Organic Remains, which are found imbedded therein, 

 and as the first who actually used and taught this mode of iden- 

 tifyingf mapping and tracing the Strata, remarks as follows : 

 viz. " An opinion has for some time past been entertained in this 

 country, that every Rock has its own Fossils." 



Before I proceed to remark on the Extracts, and mention of 

 the Writings of former English Naturalists, which follow in Mr. G's 

 work, and by which he wishes to appear to prove his position 

 above quoted, I will remark on the loose manner in which the two 

 material parts thereof are defined, that are marked with italics: 

 leaving thus his proposition open to the showing,'as in some of the 

 following extracts is attempted to be done, viz. that each " dif- 

 ferent stone," that is each mineral species of Stone (without re- 

 gard to its place in the series of Strata), " yield quite different 

 sorts or species of Shells," and that the supposed relation sub- 

 sists, between mineral and animal Species, instead of the rela- 

 tion which Mr. Smith and myself contend for, viz. between the 

 successive periods or eras of deposition of the particular Beds, 

 and the particular species or varieties of Animals, which, at or im- 

 mediately prior thereto, existed in the water, on the bottom of 

 which the Beds in question were formed. 



Respecting Mr. G's Extract in page 2S4, from Dr. Lister's 

 Paper in the Philosophical Transactions, No. 76 (or Lowthorp's 

 Abr. II. 425) it is material to take into consideration, the con- 

 nection of the same with the passage which immediately precedes 

 it, as follows, viz. In " our E?iglish inland Quarries, I am apt 

 to think, there is no such matter as petrifying of Shells in the 

 business : But that these Cockle-like Stones ever were, as they 

 are at present, Lapides siii generis, and never any jtart oi aw Ani- 

 mal. It is most certain that our English Quarry-shells (to con- 

 tinue that abusive name) have no parts of a different Texture from 

 the Rock or Quarry where they are taken ; that is, that there is 

 no such thing as Shell in these Resemblances of She Us, hut that 

 Ironstone Cockles are all Iron-stone : Lime or Marble, all Lime- 

 stone ox Marble ; Sparre oxChristalUne-shells,&\\Sparre,&ic. and 

 that they were never Part of an Animal. My reason is, that 

 Quarries of different Stone yield us quite different sorts of Species 

 oi Shell," (not Shells) and so on, nearly as in the 9 following lines 

 of Mr. Greenough's Extract, at top of page 2S5 ; which thus 

 prefaced, as in literary justice they ought to have been, will not I 

 think be judged by impartial persons, to amount to much, against 

 Mr. Smith's claim, as above stated, and in your 5 1st vol. p. 177. 



The next paragraph in Mr. Greenough's Work, still alluding to 

 Dr. Lister,is as follows, viz. "The sameWnter followed the co2irse 



of 



