462 On the comparative Strejigth of Chain Cables. 



Mr. Solicitor General. — "That there is a great resemblance 

 between our linl-s [Hawkt's] and fig. 5. [Brunton's] is because 

 it resembles the common ova) link. We are not prt'cluded, I 

 submit, fom the use o'" the oval link, because he [the patentee] 

 has specified something like it?" 



JLord Chief Jiist'ce. — " Unless you have evidence to show that 

 the broLid-heided stay '<■ cither old or useless, they vvill most 

 hkely succeed. — A ly evidence you can call to show that it is not 

 the invention of ihc plaintiff, or useless, will be of importance." 



Mr. Jes.^op was called for defendants. He was of opinion that 

 a little curvature in the sides, was rather better than havintr them 

 straight between the poincs of strain, as making it better able to 

 stand the effect of a sudden jerk. But on a question from Mr. 

 Scarlett, whether the iron cable by which a ship rides, could be 

 brouglit into a straight line, so as to be jerked? he stated his 

 meaning to be, "that mere positive strength applied to iron does 

 not apply to the same material when used against a jerk." 



A link of a chain, not of the form of plaintiff's, but having 

 stays with ends that might be called comparatively broad, and 

 secured by lapping round the inner part of the link where inter- 

 posed, like the plaintiff's, was now put in, and sworn to by one 

 of Mr. Rennie's workmen, as having been (or rather similar 

 links) made and used some months l)efore the date of the pa- 

 tent: but on cross-examining the witness, it was proved that they 

 were not made for a chain, properly so called; that only four of 

 them were made in all; and that ihey were applied to the join- 

 ing of two bolts in some building. 



Some old men (nail-makers) were called to prove, that among 

 parcels of old iron, which they were in the habit of working up 

 into nails, they had frequently, many years ago, met with pieces 

 of chain having stays in them, which were not sharp- pointed; 

 and some persons belonging to the arsenals were brought to prove 

 the recent sale of similar pieces of chain among the old stores. 

 Various pieces of tlie kind of chain alluded to were produced and 

 sworn to by the witnesses : but it turned oyt on examining them, 

 that the stays did not lap round the substance of the link, leaving 

 the substance unhurt, but, on the contrary, were retained in their 

 places by being received into notches chiselled out of the substance 

 of the hnk; and it was also proved, even by defendants' wit- 

 nesses, that the stays were not put into the links to strengthen 

 them against a strain, but merely to prevent the chain from 

 hinking — that is, two or more of the links getting entangled; 

 and that thev were nuule solely for pump chains. 



Defendants' counsel next put in what is commonly well known 

 by the name of a mushroom-anchor, and another known by 

 t'ae name of the adze-anchor, both having their names from their 

 respective forms. The head of the former, instead of having arms 



and 



