List of Patents for New Inventions. 231 
crater had been recently filled with liquid lava up to this black 
ledge, and had, by some subterraneous canal, emptied itself 
into the sea or under the low land on the shore. The gray, 
and in some places apparently calcined sides of the great era- 
ter before us—the fissures which intersected the surface of the 
plain on which we were standing—the long banks of sulphur 
on the opposite side of the abyss—the vigorous action of the 
numerous small craters on its borders—the dense columns of 
vapour and smoke that rose at the N. and S. end of the plain 
—together with the ridge of steep rocks by which it was sur- 
rounded, rising probably in some places 300 or 400 feet in 
perpendicular height, presented an immense volcanic pano- 
rama, the effect of which was greatly augmented by the con- 
stant roaring of the vast furnaces below.” 
LIST OF NEW PATENTS. 
To James Fraser, of Houndsditch, London, for his im- 
proved method of constructing capstans and windlasses.— 
Dated 25th of February 1826.—2 months allowed to enrol 
specification. 
To Benjamin Newmarch, of Cheltenham, for certain inven- 
tions to preserve vessels and other bodies from the dangerous 
effects of external or internal violence on Jand or water.— 
25th of February.—6 months. 
To Benjamin Newmarch, of Cheltenham, for a preparation, 
to be used either in solution or otherwise, for preventing 
decay in timber, &c. arising from dry rot, &c.—25th of Fe- 
bruary.—6 months, 
To James Fraser, of Houndsditch, London, for his im- 
proved method of distilling and rectifying spirits, &e.—4th of 
March.—2 months. : 
To Robert Midgley, of Horsforth near Leeds, for his ap- 
paratus for conveying persons and goods across rivers or other 
waters, and over valleys.—4th of March.—6 months. 
To George Anderton, of Chickheaton, Yorkshire, worsted 
spinner, for improvements in the combing or dressing of wool 
and waste silk.—4th of March.—2 months. 
To James Neville, of New Walk. Shad Thames, Surrey, 
engineer, for his improved boiler for generating steam with 
less expenditure of fuel.—14th of March.—6 months. 
To Nicholas Hegesippe Manicler, of Great Guildford- 
street, Southwark, chemist, for his new preparation of fatty 
substances, and the application thereof to the purposes of at- 
fording light.—20th of March.—6 months. 
Results 
