270 _ Prof. Hare on the Application 
To find the Specific Gravity of a Liquid, by the Sectoral Chyo- 
meter. 
Let a glass bulb (represented in fig. 2, under the buckets) 
be suspended from the outer bucket, and counterpoised. Let 
the situation of the beam be marked, by bringing the point of 
the index opposite to it. Let the tube of the chyometer be 
full of water, and the rod retracted, until stopped by an en- 
largement purposely made at its inner termination. Next.re- 
turn it into the tube, until as much water is projected into the 
bucket, as is just adequate to cause the immersion of the bulb. 
Let the band be fastened upon the rod, close to where it en- 
ters the tube, so as to mark the extent to which it may have 
entered. The rod must in the next place be drawn out from 
its tube, to its first position; and the sector so opened, as that 
the points may extend from 100 degrees on one leg to 100 
upon the other. Leaving the sector thus prepared, place un- 
der the suspended ball, a vessel containing an adequate quan- 
tity of the fluid, whose gravity is required. If the fluid be 
lighter than water, in order to cause the immersion of the bulb 
in it, the rod will not have to enter so far, as at first. This 
distance being marked, by fixing the sliding cylinder, and the 
rod withdrawn from the tube as far as allowed by the stop, the 
number on each leg of the sector, with which the points will 
coincide, gives the gravity of the fluid. Forcing as much water 
into the bucket as had been sufficient to sink the bulb in wa- 
ter, will not sink it-in a heavier liquid; consequently, in the 
case of such liquids, it will be necessary to fill the chyometer 
a second time, and force as much more water from it, as may 
be sufficient to cause the immersion of the bulb. The sliding 
band being then fixed, and the points separated and applied 
to the sector as before, the number to which they extend must 
be added to the weight of water = 100, for the specific gravity 
of the fluid in question. : 
Small differences are better found by subtraction; as, for 
instance, suppose the specific gravity of the fluid were 101; 
after the small addition of water made to the bucket, beyond 
the 100 parts required for the immersion of the bulb in water 
(the band being unmoved), the points would extend from 99 
on one leg to 99 on the other. ‘The difference between this 
number and 100, is then to be added to the weight of water ; 
so that the specific gravity is found to be 101. 
The angle made by the sectoral lines in using the same bulb 
and the same rod will always be the same. Hence, a stay may 
be employed to give the sector the requisite opening. 
Indeed, were liquids alone in question, an immoveable sec- 
toral 
