THE 



PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE 



AND JOURNAL: 



COMPREHENDING 



THE VARIOUS BRANCHES OF SCIENCE, 



THE LIBERAL AND FINE ARTS, 



AGRICULTURE, MANUFACTURES, 



AND COMMERCE. 



By ALEXANDER TILLOCH, LL.D. 



M.R.I.A. M.G.S. M.A.S. F.S.A. EDIN. AND PERTH; CORRESPONDING MEMBER OF 



THE ROYAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, MUNICH; AND OF THE ACADEMY 



OF SCIENCES, LITERATURE AND ARTS, LEGHORN, ETC. 



And RICHARD TAYLOR, F.L.S. 



MEMBER OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON J AND OF THE ROYAL 

 ASIATIC SOCIETY OF GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND. 



" Nee aranearum sane textus ideo melior quia ex se fila gignunt, nee noster 

 vilior quia ex alienis libamus ut apes." Just. Lips. Monk. Polk. lib. i. cap. 1. 



VOL. LXIII. 



For JANUARY, FEBRUARY, MARCH, APRIL, MAY, and 

 JUNE, 1824. ^^^u>^ 



LONDON. ' ' 



PRINTED BY RICHARD TAYLOR, SHOE-LANE: 



AM) SOLD BY CADELL; LONGMAN, HURST, REES, ORME, BROWN, AND GREEN 



BALDWIN, CRADOCK, AND JOY J HIGHLEY ; SHERWOOD, JONES 



AND CO.; HARDING; UNDERWOOD; SIMPKIN AND 



MARSHALL, LONDON : — AND BY CONSTABLE 



AND CO. EDINBURGH: AND PENMAN, 



GLASGOW. 



