THE 



PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE 

 AND JOURNAL: 



COMPREHENDING 



THE VARIOUS BRANCHES OF SCIENCE, 



THE LIBERAL AND FINE ARTS, 



AGRICULTURE, MANUFACTURES, 



AND COMMERCE. 



Br ALEXANDER TILLOCH, LL.D. 



M.R.I.A. M.G.S. M.A.S. F.S.A. EDIN. AND PERTH ; CORRESPONDING .MEMBER OF 



THE ROYAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, MUNICH ; AND OF THE ACADEMY 



OF SCIENCES, LITERATURE AND ARTS, LEGHORN, &C. &C. &C. 



And RICHARD TAYLOR, F.L.S. 



" Nee aranearuni sane textus ideo melior quia ex se fila gignunt, nee noster 

 vilior quia ex alienis libamus ut apes." Just. Lips. Monit. Polit. lib. i. cap. 1. 



VOL. LXI. \ i<,-:^^f 



For JANUARY, FEBRUARY, MARCH, APR}h;.M^tX:r^nd 

 JUNE, \%1X 



LONDON: 



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