of the Genus Biassica. &1 



varieties under six {)rincipal divisions, or i-aces, viz. tlie Colsa 

 (Coleseed); the Choux-verds {Choux-Cavaliers), (tall or open 

 Cabbages); the Choux-cabus [Choux-pommes), (round-headed 

 Cabbages); the Choux-jlcurs (Cauliflowers); the Choux-raves 

 (Turnip Cabbages); and the Choux-?iavets (Turnip-rooted 

 Cabbages, or Navews). I can, however, only admit four of 

 these six races; the Colsa and the Choux-navets belonging 

 undoubtedly to the Brassica campestris, their young leaves 

 being bristled. On the other hand, I divide the round-headed 

 Cabbages into two, and I consequently reckon five divisions 

 or races among cultivated Cabbages, in addition to the ori-t 

 ginal type which I have considered as the first of my races, 

 viz. the Cavaliers, or tall or green Cabbages; the Milans, or 

 Savoys ; the round-headed Cabbages ; the Choux-raves, or 

 Turnip Cabbages : and the Cauliflowers. I proceed to take 

 a rapid view of each of these. 



Second Race. Brassica oleracea acephala. 

 Choii Cavalier. Tall or Open Cabbage. 

 The Cavalier Cabbage is distinguished by its lengthened 

 stalk and its scattered and expanded leaves, which do not 

 grow to a head. The name of Chou Cavalier seems to be de- 

 rived from Chou Caulier, alluding to caulis, a stem, by which 

 names the ancients have at difterent times spoken of the Cab- 

 bage in general. Emilius Macer, the first who fully described 

 it, gives it the name o^ Caulis herba*. In the south of France 

 it is vulgarly called Caidet, from the same origin : be this, 

 however, as it may, there is reason tor preserving to this race 

 the name of Cavalier, formerly that of the whole species, be- 

 cause it has more affinity than any other to the wild species, 

 and the name has the advantage of recalling to the mind the 

 distinctive character of the plants, a long stem. This race is 

 known under other popular names, such as Chou Vert (Green 

 Cabbage), its leaves retaining their primitive colour from be- 

 ing constantly exjiosed to the light, whereas the leaves of the 

 round-headed Cabbages turn white ; Chou chessa, because it 

 is often employed as food for cattle ; Chou en urbre ; Chou sans 

 tetc; and Chou mm pommc. I liave adopted the name of 

 acephala for the Latin nomenclature, as better expressing the 

 character of the race, tliiin that of w'/zW/i', employed by Magnat 

 and Duchesiief. The green Ime, in fact, though frequent in 

 this race, cainiot be considered as essential to it, many of its 

 varieties having sub-varieties of a reddish colour. 



* Kiniliiis Macciw/r Ifcrbnnim virliilibiis. Fiibiirp. 1.J30, paged. 

 ■)■ Lamarck, Enrj/c/opcdk Bolanirjue, vol. i. piige 743, 



M « The 



