DS M. De CandoUe on the Species and rarieiies 



The Cavalier Cabbage has five* principal varieties, suffi- 

 ciently distinct for ordinary practice, though the peculiar cha- 

 1'acter of each variety may happen now and then not to be 

 readily distinguished. The first is the Brassica ramosa\, 

 Cavalier hranchu (Branching Cabbage), differing only in size 

 from the Wild Cabbage. There is also scarcely any diffe- 

 rence discernible between this ramous plant and Daubenton's 

 Chou vivace. The second variety is the Brassica indgaris, 

 Cavalier, or Chou vert commun ; this shoots up higher than the 

 preceding one, its stalk remaining nearly single ; but these two 

 varieties have little to distinguish them from each other: the 

 latter is most generally cultivated in the western part of Eu- 

 rope, as food for cattle, and sometimes as a garden vegetable ; 

 the amazing height to which it grows may be attributed to two 

 causes ; the custom of stripping off the lower leaves to give 

 them to the cattle, and to their being planted in close rows in a 

 rich and fertile soil, whereby they often reach four or five feet 

 in height, and continue in vigour for two years together, and 

 sometimes last even three years; this variety is generally 

 known by the names mentioned before, as being applicable to 

 the whole series of the Cavalier ; those which are peculiar to 

 it are Chou en arbrc, Chou a chhrre, G-ra?id Chou vert, and 

 Chou vert de Touraine. The common Cavalier is for the most 

 part green [Brassica vulgaris viridis): it takes a reddish cast 

 {Brassica vulgaris purpurascens) in the sub-variety designated 

 by Casjiar Bauhin, as Brassica rubra, which name is given by 

 the moderns to the red variety of the round Cabbage J. The 

 third variety of the Cavalier is Brassica quercifolia, Chou a 

 feuilles de chene (Oak-leaved Cabbage); nearly resembling the 

 next variety, the Choufrange. Different gardeners assure me 

 that they have even seen these Cabbages change from one to 

 the other. Their mode of incisure, however, being distinctly 



* The description of the plants known under the general name of Win- 

 ter Greens, by fth-. William AJorgan, published in the second volume of the 

 Transactions of the Horticultural Society, has enabled me to ascertain the 

 English names of many of the plants enumerated by Monsieur De CandoUe. 

 — Sec. 



f This variety appears to be described by Mr. Morgan in the Transactions 

 of the Horticultural Society, vol. ii. page 314, as the Thousand-headed 

 Cabbage. The I'Vench, who also call it Cliou a m'lllc ictcs, seem to have 

 several sub-varieties, which are respectively denominated in the Bon Jar- 

 diiiier for 1821, page 145, 1st, Le p,rand Cliou a vaclie; 2d, Le Chou vw'el- 

 lier ; 3d, Le Ctioii vert branctiu de Poilu; 4th, Le Cliou vivace de Davien- 

 ton. — Sec. 



X The CItou catilet de Flandres is described in the Bon Jardinier for 1821, 

 page 145, as differing only from the others by the red colour of its leaves, 

 anti may therefore l)e taken as the red sub-variety of the comuion Cavalier 

 Cabbage.— AVc. 



characterized. 



