98 M. De Candolle on the different Species 



diminish where that of the Chou-rave enlarges. Caspar Bauhin 

 and Linnaeus * designate this race by the name of Brassica 

 gongijlodes; but I have thought .proper to preserve that of 

 Canlo-rapa ,- first, as it is more ancient, havmg been used by 

 Lobel and Camerariusf, and secondly, as it recalls the com- 

 mon name by which it is generally known throughout Europe; 

 and thirdly, as that of yoyyvKig employed by TheophrastusJ 

 seems rather to belong to the Chou-navet than to this plant. 



I distinguish two principal varieties of Chou-rave§, or Tur- 

 nip Cabbage; 1st, the Chou-rave comimm, communis (Com- 

 mon Turnip Cabbage), its leaves being neither fringed nor 

 Curled, but perfectly smooth and even ; of this the gardeners 

 have two sub-varieties, known by their colour, viz. the Chou- 

 rave blanc, alba (White Turnip Cabbage), the leaves of which 

 are of a greenish white, and the swelled and fleshy part of the 

 stem still whiter, it is usually called Chou de Siam. 2d. The 

 Chou-rave violet, ^^?i;7P?;;«sce7/s (Purple Turnip Cabbage), so 

 named from the swelled part, and footstalk being purple or 

 red. These sub-varieties, however, are scarcely distinguish- 

 able, the White Chou-rave having for the most part a purple 

 tint II . The second variety, which I call Chou-rave crepu, 

 crispa, has curled and fringed leaves, and is cultivated at 

 Naples under the name of Pavonazza. I agree v\dth M. Vil- 

 morin in looking upon this Cabbage as a degeneration of the 

 fringed Cavalier, to which it bears the same relation as the 

 common Chou-rave does to the common Cavalier, except that 

 the swelling in the stalk is less constant in this variety, and 

 more oval than round. The French and Italians must be at- 

 tentive not to confound the plant vulgarly called Chou-rave 

 with the one so named by the botanists, and written without a 

 hyphen between the words ; the first is the Brassica olcracea 

 Caido-rapa, which I have just described; the second the Bras- 

 sica Rapa, which I shall mention hereafter. 



Sixth Race. Brassica oleracea botrytis. 

 Chou Bot7-ijtis. Flowering Cabbage. 

 The race to which, in order to avoid confusion, I am obliged 



* C. Bauhin. Pinax, page 111. Linnsei .Syj. PI. edit. 2. vol. ii. page 93^ 

 + Lobel, Adv. pp. J)'J, bi2. Camerarii Epist.2b\. 



I Theophrasti Hist. lib. 7- cap. 4. 



5 The Chou-rave is cultivated in the gardens of Germany under the name 

 of KoJd-rabi, and is also much used as an esculent vegetable at the Cape of 

 Good Hope and in the East Indies, where it is called Knol-Kohl. 



II The French have a third sub-variety, ^yhich they call Chou-rave nain 

 hatif. Dwarf early Turnip Cabbage. It has smaller and fewer leaves, and 

 is ready for use sooner than either of the other sub-varieties. See the Bon 

 Jardinier for 1821, p.Tge 146. — Sec. 



to 



