192 M. De CandoUe on the Species and Varieties 



Seco7id Race. Raphanus sativus radicula oblonga. 

 Rave. Long Radish. 



The root is long, nearly cylindrical, diminisliing insensibly 

 to a point at the extremity ; in French it is generally called 

 Raviole, or Rave; in Italian, Ramolaccio, and Ravanello ; in 

 English, the common garden Radish ; it offers the same va- 

 rieties of colour as the preceding race, and has besides a sub- 

 variety of form, which might be more properly termed a varia- 

 tion or accident in the species, as it seldom continues the same 

 when the plant is taken from its native soil. I speak of the 

 French Rave tortillee du Mans, Raphanus radiadd tortilif 

 (Crooked Radish,) in which the root is so crooked as to re- 

 semble a cork-screw. 



Third Race. Raphanus sativus radicula oleifera. 

 Oleiferous Radish. 



The root of this Radish is slender, and so thin as to be 

 scarcely fleshy, but the plant is abundantly productive of seed, 

 and well worth cultivating on that account as an oleiferous 

 plant. It was introduced in the time of Miller under the 

 name of Raphanus Chinensis. The Chinese Radish appears 

 to be the type of the cultivated species; its root, according to 

 M. Vilmorin, is in different varieties, gra^tj, white, or red, a 

 circumstance that would tend to unite all the varieties men- 

 tioned in this article, and noticed a few years since at Placen- 

 tia, in Italy, as belonging to the Rapha7io oleifero Cinese, at 

 which place M. Grandi* published instructions on the man- 

 ner of cultivating it. 



The second division of cultivated Radishes f is that of the 

 Black Radish, Raphanus niger, considered by the ancients, 

 and by some few of our moderns, as a distinct species. The 

 root of the first variety of this race is always thick, and black 

 on the outside, compact, and nearly tubei'ous ; it is known in 

 France under the name of Radis noir, gros Rai/ort ?ioir, Rai- 

 fort des Parisicns, and presents two varieties of shape, the 

 Oblong, vulgaris, and the Round, I'otundus. Morison:}: and 

 Weinmann§ have attempted to distinguish the latter, but there 

 does not appear any important difference. Another variety 

 is known by the name of Raifojt gris (Gray Radish); this is 

 sometimes extremely pale, or nearly white. The Raphanus 

 albus orbicularis of Miller, gros Raifort blanc, or Radis d'Augs- 



* De Grandi 1st. Cult. Piacenza. edit. 6, 1807. 



f Mr. William Christie has given a detailed account of these Radishes, 

 under the names of Autumn and Winter Radishes, in the fourth volume of 

 the Transactions of the Horticultural Society, article 4, page 10. — Sec. 



I Mor. Hisl. i. page?, c. 13. § Weinmaun Pf/t,t. 860. 



bour^. 



