Mr. Upington on Shmt-hand Writing. 327 



of our language, might indeed with ahnost equal muscular 

 advantage, and perhaps some fractional advantage as to bre- 

 vity, have been assigned to M : but when I considered that 

 subsequent V is sometimes to be expressed by F, I thouoht it 

 desirable that the double character should be given to F in 

 preference to M, in order that V should, on such occasions, 

 be rendered more definite. I shall treat of this distinction in 

 the sequel. 



The next characters of which I have to speak, are the two 

 simple looped* ones f> = '^ and <r— = &»., taking care, as 

 I already stated, that the incijiient disadvantage of these shall 

 be obviated by jvepositives. These characters then have been 

 regularly applied, in the order of occurrence, to those letters 

 which most require them as subsequents: the former to the 

 letter P ; to G the latter. 



V, which I passed unnoticed in its proper place, does not 

 obtain the only remaining and comparatively tedious charac- 

 ter ^ = ^ ; but is represented when incipient or alone, by 

 the two simple lines \/» When a subsequent, it is similarly 

 written in convenient cases ; and in other cases it is expressed 

 (often definitely) by the letter F. 



W. This letter, which rates considerably above V as an 

 i?icij)ie)it, [when a subsequent which very rarely occurs, it is 

 considered as a voisoel,'] I designated by one of the quickest and 

 most convenient of the rejected hooked characters; viz. /. 



H. I call this letter an aspirate, and provide for it among 

 the vowels, thus ^. 



Wh, incipient, is expressed by the only eligible character 

 remaining among the rejected hooks, viz. '~\ ; tlie line, to avoid 

 angles, being in all difficult cases, somewhat inflected, thus 

 '\^ . Wh, when a subsequent, which very rarely happens, is 

 omitted like W. 



Y, which scarcely ever occurs as an incipient \ [when a 

 subsequent, it is ranked among the vowelsj, I have represented 

 by the comj:)aratively tedious mixed character b which is well 

 calculated tor junction with succeeding ones. 



Thr as an incipie7it is expressed by Th and R, V : when a 

 subsequent by T and R, thus \/. The aspirate, if ^ thought 

 necessary, may subsequently be introduced as thus ^. 



♦ The ascending diagonal one was already conferred on L; and the de- 

 scending one towards the rui^ltt has been expunged as a general character 

 for reasons too often mentioned. 



f " You" '■'■ yimr" which in our langnagc cause the frequency of the 

 letter y as an incip'ical, shall be otherwise disposed of. Does not this let- 

 ter alone expose the fallacy of our system-mongers who style their plans 

 of short-liand " linivenalf'" Every language has its own peculiar cha- 

 racter. 



Ch 



