328 Mr. Upington on Short-hand JVi iling. 



Ch cannot be dispensed with eitiier as an incipient or sub- 

 sequent. As an incipient it is very rare. The only remaining 

 and least desirable ofall the looped characters, viz. ^ = ^ , is 

 therefore appropriated to this double letter. 



Sh. S serves tor the basis of this double letter. The 

 aspirate may be omitted or used at option ; thus — - when in- 

 cipient or intermediate ; thus —/ when final or alone. 



X is represented by two detached horizontal lines ; as thus 

 — ; the upper line being joined to the succeeding chai'acter, 

 as " extent" -^-\ i- e. ^'tnt. 



Q is expressed, when incipient or alone, by the two right 

 lines "77 The horizontal one being last formed is joined to 

 the following character like the upper line of the letter X. 

 When Q is a subsequent, K is used in the place of it ; and 

 should obscurity be apprehended, the letter W is added, as 

 thus with the word '•^request" (written rlcwst) _^rj • 



J. Soft G being in all cases sounded like this letter, G is 

 always substituted for it. 



Z when incipient is written ^ . S, in the beginning of a 

 word, being never sounded like Z, cannot in such case with 

 propriety be substituted for this letter*. In \\\e p)''ogress of a 

 word Z is always to be expressed by S, which irequently as- 

 sumes that sound. — Note: the horizontal line of i7icipient Z is 

 joined to the succeeding letter. 



Here ends the alphabet of consonants ; of which it may 

 briefly be said, that of the eighteen general characters exhi- 

 bited in the " table," I have applied all those that were best 

 calculated for subsequcnts to letters which mdispensablj^ re- 

 quired them, being thirteen in number ; viz. B D F G K L M 

 NPRSTCh. One more of the eighteen I assigned to Th as 

 an indispensable incipient ; and the remaining ybz<r, viz. / de- 

 scending, \, ^ = °\, ^= "^ (with the exception of "^ f 

 modijied) I rejected for the prevention of exceedingly difficult 

 angles J. What fractional advantage may be gained by an 

 alphabet which shall retain the 'whole, disposed in regular or- 



* The want of this distinction has, more than once, confused me. Con- 

 text is not at all times immediately decisive. 



\ For the sake of lineality I shall employ the rejected loop f* similarly 

 modified for the letter L after ascending strokes, as thus \^^. How- 

 ever, this modification or inflection of the line need not be adopted, but 

 when convenience shall require it. 



\ I have so frequently mentioned angles, that an exami>le may be de- 

 sired. Take the word " Scotland," as expressed by Dr. Mayor's Alphabet, 

 which no modern contrivance has excelled— and what hand shall execute 

 it with precision and dispatch? ""S. The separate letters of which it is 



'Q 



composed are Slctlnd — \ | / --j 



der 



