Horizontorium.— Mechanical Invention. 151 
writings of Eunapius, of Menander of Byzantium, of Priscus, and 
of Peter the Protector. Among the inedited works of Polybius 
are prologues of the lost books, and the entire conclusion of the 
39th, in which the author takes a review of his history, and de- 
votes his 40th book to chronology. The fragments of Diodorus 
and of Dion are numerous and most precious. Among them is 
a rapid recital of many of the wars of Rome ; a narrative of the 
Civil, Punic, Social or Italic, and Macedonian wars; those of 
Epirus, Syria, Gaul, Spain, Portugal, and Persia. Parts of the 
history of the Greeks and other nations, and that of the succes- 
sors of Alexander, &c. are among these. They were discovered 
in a MS. containing the harangues of the rhetorician Aristides, 
from a large collection of ancient writings, made by order of Con- 
stantinus Porphyrogenetes, of which only a small part are known 
to be extant. The writing appears to be of the 11th century. 
M. Maio has also met with an unedited Latin grammarian, who 
cites a number of lost writers, and a Latin rhetorician now un- 
known; also a Greek collection containing fragments of the lost 
works of Philo. He has‘ also found writings of the Greek and 
Latin fathers prior to St. Jerome, with other valuable works, all 
of which he intends shortly to publish. 
HORIZONTORIUM. 
_ We have recently seen a curious philosophical plaything under 
this name, which is, we believe, published by Mr. Bancks, the 
mathematical-instrument-maker, in the Strand. ‘The inventor’s 
name is Shires, and the invention itself is an exceedingly pleasing 
optical illusion. This is produced by the picture of a castle, pro- 
jected on a horizontal plane, whence its name is derived. The 
picture is laid flat on the table, with the light on the left of the 
spectator. In front there is a small perpendicular parchment 
sight, with a groove in it, to which the eye is applied; and the 
effect is, that the whole appears to be a solid building ; the walls 
of the castle, the rim of a well, &e. &c. being, in every respect, 
like a model, instead of a coloured horizontal projection. By 
removing the candle to the floor, that which was a sun-light be- 
comes a moonlight scene. The illusion is very pretty, and the 
thing, in its application, though not in its principles, entirely 
new to us. —— 
MECHANICAL INVENTION. 
An invention has been made by a young man belonging to 
Mauchline—Mr. Andrew Smith, of the Water of Ayr Stone Ma- 
nufactory. This is an instrument for copying drawings, &c., 
called by the learned who have seen it an Apograph. _ It is so 
constructed, that drawings of any kind may be copied by it upon 
paper, copper, or any other substance capable of receiving an 
impression, 
