230 Horticultural Societi/. 



the coal in the E. of Yorkshire: and of the whole number of species 

 collected by the author, amounting nearly to fifty, two-thirds are 

 well known fossils of the oolite ; — the remainder belonging to new 

 species represented in the last numbers of the Mineral Concho- 

 logy. The plant of which tiie Brora coal appears to have been 

 formed, is identical with one of the most cliaracteristic vegetables 

 of the Yorkshire coast, but differs essentially from any of the 

 plants found in the coal measures beneath the new red-sandstone : — 

 It has been formed into a new genus byMr. Konig, and is described 

 by him in the present memoir, under the name of Oncylogonatiim. 



The author, therefore, considers the Brora coal, from its asso- 

 ciated shells and plants, as the equivalent of that of the Eastern 

 Moorlands of Yorkshire. 



At Loth, Helmsdale, and Navidale, shale and sandstone overlie 

 calcareous strata resembling the cornbrash and forest-marble, and 

 these are in many cases dislocated where they are in contact with 

 the granitic rock, and distorted where they approach it. 



The base of the entire series above mentioned is seen at low water 

 on the coast near the north and south Sutors of Cromarty, where 

 the lias with some of its characteristic fossils is observable resting 

 upon the sandstone of the red conglomerate, — the latter in con- 

 tact with granitic rock. 



On the N.W. coast of Scotland, several members of the oolitic 

 series with their peculiar organic remains were recognized by the 

 author in the isles of Skye, Pabba, Scalpa, Mull, &c. ; where their 

 occurrence was first noticed generally by Dr. iViacCulloch. 



A short sketch is given of the geognostic relations of the schists 

 and sandstones of Caithness, which are probably referribic to the 

 new red-sandstone ; — some of these beds resembling the copper 

 slate of Thuringia, and its associates : whilst the fossil fish recently 

 discovered at Banniskirk, though the species is new, appear to be- 

 long to the same family with those of Mansfeldt, in Germany. 



The paper concludes by adverting to the support given by the 

 preceding facts to the great importance of zoological evidence in 

 the identification of distant deposits: — since the existence in the 

 N. of Scotland, of a large portion of the oolitic series of England, 

 has been demonstrated from the agreement of organic remains, 

 although the mineralogical characters of the beds containing these 

 fossils are perfectly distinct at the extremes of the tract through 

 which the strata are distributed. 



HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



Jan. 2. — The following papers were read : Upon grafting the 

 pear upon quince stocks ; by Mr.Tliomas Torbron, F.H.S. — An ac- 

 count and description of the different varieties of raspberries which 

 have been cultivated and examined in the Garden of the Society ; 

 by Mr. William Sanderson. — An arrangement and description of 

 the varieties of gooseberries cultivated in the Garden of the Society ; 

 by Mr. Robert Thompson. — A fine exhibition of flowers, and some 

 excellent new Flemish pears, ripened in the garden of Andrew Ar- 

 cedeckne, Esq. of Glevering Hall in Suffolk, were placed upon the 

 table. — The most remarkable vegetable, was the Topinambour 



Jaune 



