4J6 Mr. Smith on refainiug JVatey in Jiochsfor Sitmvin- Usr. 



issue from a bore-hole made several years since for (Irainiiinj 

 the land. On cutting an open channel up to tliis, the dis- 

 charge increased and at the depth of nine or ten feet amounted 

 to twenty-four hogslieads per hour. This encouraged them to 

 proceed ; and the channel under my direction was deepened 

 four feet, when the discharge became for some time fifty or 

 sixty hogsheads per hour. 



Suspecting from an intermediate and subsequent diminu- 

 tion that we had drawn off a confined stock of water, and that 

 the regular run of the spring at the end of a dry summer 

 might not be found sufficient, I suggested the propriety of 

 damming up the produce of this spring for summer use, as 

 the previous supply was more than sufficient for the town in 

 winter. 



The circumstances were favourable for the purpose, as there 

 was no other known issue of water from the rock in that hill, 

 which is about a mile long, narrow on the top, and insulated 

 in all the upper part of its stratification. The same rock is 

 not opened or known any where else on these hill sides, but 

 in a deep valley which separates the insular hill from the main 

 and higher hill of Falsgrave Moor. In the upper end of that 

 valley a spring was opened several years since in the same kind 

 of rock, and was brought with a declivity of thirty or forty 

 feet round the south end of the insulated hill, near to and high 

 enough to run into the opening made to the new spring. This 

 was sufficient to prove the general rise of the rock westerly in 

 the base of the insular hill, and beneath an isthmus connected 

 with the main ridge of Falsgrave Moor and Seamer Beacon. 

 The rock in which the spring was tbund is a yellowish fine- 

 grained crumbly sandstone, in thick beds, with open iiony 

 joints, the same as in the cliff" south of Scarborough Spa. 

 From the (juantity of carbonaceous matter in it, it is here called 

 *' coaly grit." This sandstone, with its overlying and alter- 

 nating clays, is analogous in position to the clay and sand 

 and sandstone between the cornbrash and great oolite rocks. 

 At the depth of ten feet the rock was found covered with regu- 

 lar clav about four feet thick ; on this a mark of coal, and a thin 

 bed of hard stone full of imperfect vegetable impressions; and 

 up to the surface a very tenacious slid den clay. The rock was 

 found, by boring through it, to be ten feet thick, lying on clay. 

 The channel excavated up to the spring about thirty or forty 

 yards long, and fifteen feet deep, at the upper end was en- 

 tirely in a very tenacious clay partly diluvial, with a few 

 rounded stones in it deeply covered by slidden clay. Within 

 four feet of the edge of the rock lay gravel (deeply covered 

 also with slidden clav). consisting of large and small boulders 



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