100 On the Coal Deposits 



The author draws the following conclusions from his ob- 

 servations. — The cretaceous rock of Stevn is true chalk, and 

 the clay and cerithium limestone, plastic clay and calcaire 

 grassier. He regards the limestone of Faxoe as a local de- 

 velopment of cerithium limestone; the beds of clay in the 

 limestone of Stevn and Faxoe, and in the cretaceous rock of 

 Mcien, as subordinate strata, developed in the great formation 

 of rolled stones, and formed at one and the same period, — the 

 commencement of the tertiary epoch. 



5. On the Coal Deposits of the Prussian States*. 

 The coal measures of Upper Silesia form masses on grey- 

 wacke ; the Tarnowitz limestone, in many places covering the 

 coal measures, is probably muschelkalk. There are four series 

 of coal-measure strata in Silesia, which have not been yet found 

 to agree with each other : the first and richest is the eastern 

 part ; it extends from Sabrze, between Gleiwitz and Beuthen, 

 N.W. as far as Kostow, near Bremse. These beds, having 

 various dips, occupy a basin, and have a direction from N.W. 

 to S.E. ; they are exposed for three miles and a half in length 

 and one in breadth f. A second series passes to the W. of 

 the preceding, from Nicolai on the W. to a mile E. of Rybnik ; 

 it only occupies an extent of half a mile square, and is situated 

 in a basin. The coal measures reappear near Hultschin, on 

 the left bank of the Oder; they are highly inclined, with a di- 

 rection from N. to S. There is a coal basin in Lower Silesia 

 to the S.E. of the Riesengebirge, and to the W. of the Eu- 

 lengebirge. Its limits are half a mile to the N.E. of Land- 

 shut, Altwasser, Charlottenbrunn, Rudolphswalde, the S.E. 

 foot of the Eulengebirge, Volpersdorf, Liebau, Shatzlar and 

 Straussenei to the N. of Lewin. A line drawn from Landshut 

 to Wunschelburg would about divide the basin into two ; the 

 N.E. portion alone belongs to Prussia. Sandstones and por- 

 phyries cover the upper beds. The coal district of Walden- 

 burg rests on submedial or transition rocks as far as Altwasser ; 

 more S. it is supported by the gneiss and mica slate of the 

 Eulengebirge. The dip of the beds varies from 20° to 70°. 

 Porphyry disturbs the direction of the upper beds, as between 

 Landshut and Waldenburg. The coal measures here appear 

 to envelop the porphyry. The coal is altered in the vicinity 

 of the latter rock ; it has taken the character of an anthracite, 



* From a notice in Baron de Ferussac's Bulletin dcs Sciences for Sep- 

 tember 1826, of the account contained in Karsten's Archivfur Bergbau. 

 part I. vol. \ii. 



f It is presumed tliat Prussian miles are here understood, one of which 

 is equil to about four and two-fifths EugVuh. -—Trans. 



or 



